Comparison in the Performance of the Vector Delay/Frequency Lock Loop and Equivalent Scalar Tracking Loops in Dense Foliage and Urban Canyon

Matthew Lashley and David M. Bevly

Abstract:	The performance of the vector delay/frequency lock loop (VDFLL) is compared to that of the equivalent scalar tracking loops in environments with dense foliage and extreme urban canyon in this paper. The VDFLL and equivalent scalar tracking loops use the same coherent integration times, C/N0 ratio estimators, process noise tunings, and discriminators. The performance of the VDFLL is also compared to that of a high-end commercial GPS receiver. The VDFLL and equivalent scalar tracking loops maintain signal lock on all the available satellites in the areas with dense foliage. The VDFLL significantly outperforms the scalar tracking loops and the commercial GPS receiver in the urban canyon environment. Specific details on the implementation of the VDFLL are provided in the appendices. Index Terms—GPS; deep integration; ultra-tight coupling; vector tracking; vector delay lock loop; vector frequency lock loop;
Published in:	Proceedings of the 24th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2011) September 20 - 23, 2011 Oregon Convention Center, Portland, Oregon Portland, OR
Pages:	1786 - 1803
Cite this article:	Lashley, Matthew, Bevly, David M., "Comparison in the Performance of the Vector Delay/Frequency Lock Loop and Equivalent Scalar Tracking Loops in Dense Foliage and Urban Canyon," Proceedings of the 24th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2011), Portland, OR, September 2011, pp. 1786-1803.
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