Application of Interpolation to Mobile Phone Fingerprinting for Positioning

Binghao Li, Andrew Dempster, Chris Rizos, Hyung Keun Lee and Donghang Li

Abstract:	Mobile phone location techniques based on network assisted GPS (A-GPS) and observed time difference of arrival, or angle of arrival, have several disadvantages. The usual technique assumes four satellites can be ‘seen’ at the receiver, and that there is line-of-sight (LOS) propagation between the base transceiver station (BTS) and the mobile user (MU). These assumptions are often not valid in urban and suburban environments. Location fingerprinting has recently received much attention as an alternative location determination technique. One of the key issues for this technique is generating the database of “fingerprints”. To ensure reliable data, the signal fingerprint characteristics should be determined from real field measurements, rather than from predictions of a network-planning tool. However, the ‘training’ process is not an easy task. In order to utilize the spatial correlation of measurements sampled at adjacent reference points (RPs), a method based on interpolation techniques is proposed in this paper. Three different methods, i.e. Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Thin-Plate Spline (TPS) and Universal Kriging (UK), have been tested. The results indicate that using UK not only achieves more accurate position estimation, but also possibly reduces both the workload and the training time.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2005) September 13 - 16, 2005 Long Beach Convention Center Long Beach, CA
Pages:	2268 - 2276
Cite this article:	Li, Binghao, Dempster, Andrew, Rizos, Chris, Lee, Hyung Keun, Li, Donghang, "Application of Interpolation to Mobile Phone Fingerprinting for Positioning," Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2005), Long Beach, CA, September 2005, pp. 2268-2276.
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