GPS and Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) Integration

M. Phatak, G. Cox and L. Garin

Abstract:	The use of GPS for personal location using cellular telephones or personal handheld devices requires signal measurements in both outdoor and indoor environments for E-911 and Location Based Services (LBS). Therefore, minimal satellite (SV) measurements such as a 3 SV or 4 SV acquisition, tracking and navigation fix in many situations will be encountered. To overcome 2D navigation side effects, such as increased horizontal uncertainty and error, because of constraining an inaccurately obtained height in Least Squares (LSQ) can be minimized using an integrated Digital Terrain Model (DTM). These models are available from various government agencies and depending on the application, DTMs have relatively accurate vertical elevations sufficient enough to be used for aiding GPS constrained heights for E-911 or LBS. For the purpose of this study the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED®) Level 0 was used. To integrate DTM data in LSQ constrained height conditions a fourth order polynomial equation is formed. Results from integrating DTM data into the LSQ navigation algorithm is very promising.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2004) September 21 - 24, 2004 Long Beach Convention Center Long Beach, CA
Pages:	2074 - 2085
Cite this article:	Phatak, M., Cox, G., Garin, L., "GPS and Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) Integration," Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2004), Long Beach, CA, September 2004, pp. 2074-2085.
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