Monograph on GPS Antispoofing

Phillip Ward

Abstract:	This paper describes the unclassified characteristics of GPS antispoofing (A-S). First, the paper describes what A-S is and how it is mechanized to deny access to the two- frequency (Ll and L2) precision codes (P codes) of the GPS satellites. Then, the paper describes the protection against enemy spoofing that is provided by A-S, including an explanation of GPS signal spooling. The primary vulnerability of A-S, which is jamming, is explained and analyzed. The codeless techniques which have been developed to defeat A-S by commercial GPS manufacturers in order to gain access to two frequency measurements are also described. Given this background on A-S, a summary of the advantages and disadvantages of A-S is presented.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 8th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GPS 1995) September 12 - 15, 1995 Palm Springs, CA
Pages:	1563 - 1571
Cite this article:	Ward, Phillip, "Monograph on GPS Antispoofing," Proceedings of the 8th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GPS 1995), Palm Springs, CA, September 1995, pp. 1563-1571.
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