The Landslide Monitoring System by GPS

Yasushi Watanabe, Masahiro Genda, Tatsuji Fujise and Katsuo Yui

Abstract:	Since there are many dangerous places where landslide is impending in Japan, the monitoring system to monitor a long-term minute ground movement is considered necessary for disaster prevention. In these days, those systems to measure the three-dimensional positioning in millimeter scale by GPS has been introduced to some applications, which is being recognized as an effective mean for landslide detection. The monitoring system is required to be simple for installation, because the system is to be installed at a dangerous site in a steep mountain region. However, the conventional systems need big batteries since they consume large amount of power. For this reason, the installation of the conventional system to a landslide site is not easy. The system should be placed in an appropriate site for landslide monitoring, such as in the vicinity of the well bypassing groundwater likely to induce landslide. However, the conventional system properly operates only at the site of good visibility where sufficient number of GPS satellite signals can be received. And further, data transmission is required for communications from the observation station installed at a dangerous site to the remote monitoring station. For the simplicity for installation, we have developed the system to carry out intermittent operations for reducing the power consumption during the observation period predetermined in the conventional manner. Further, we have miniaturized the observation equipment by integrating all components in a box, except the batteries. For securing sufficient number of GPS satellite signals, we have adopted for the system the high performance GPS receiver which can perform positioning even in urban area. For achieving the data transmission,we have built a low- power radio communication device in the equipment, so that the data can be transferred from the landslide site to a remote station by means of wireless communication. Further, we have developed the system feasible for telemetric and optical lines, in view of long-distance transmissions. As the result, we have confirmed the developed system consumes no more than 50% of power compared to the conventional equipment, which implies that the system can operate on smaller batteries. Additionally, the miniaturization of the equipment will simplify the installation to a landslide site. Furthermore, the new system provides the flexibility of communication, supporting telemetric or optical lines쳌Cetc. We have confirmed that our development system satisfies all above-mentioned requirements for landslide monitoring systems, therefore, we are confident that the system is suitable for a minute movement monitoring system.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 15th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GPS 2002) September 24 - 27, 2002 Oregon Convention Center Portland, OR
Pages:	1759 - 1765
Cite this article:	Watanabe, Yasushi, Genda, Masahiro, Fujise, Tatsuji, Yui, Katsuo, "The Landslide Monitoring System by GPS," Proceedings of the 15th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GPS 2002), Portland, OR, September 2002, pp. 1759-1765.
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