User Domain Overbounding with Integrity of Time-Correlated Errors for Precise Point Positioning

Rebecca Wang, Dongchan Min, Juan Blanch, and Todd Walter

Peer Reviewed

Abstract:	High-precision positioning techniques such as Precise Point Positioning (PPP) enable centimeter-level accuracy but face unique integrity challenges compared to traditional GNSS standalone services. Frequent correction updates in PPP reduce the impact of slowly accumulating broadcast errors, yet latency between transmission and reception leaves some faults only partially mitigated. Recent fast fault events, including rapidly accumulating satellite clock errors observed since January 2023, further threaten PPP integrity and necessitate rigorous error characterization. Building on our previous work, which developed a multivariate Gaussian overbounding method for temporally-correlated signal-in-space errors, this paper extends that framework to evaluate estimation and bounding performance within a PPP filter setup without corrections. We apply our previously defined covariance selection method and chi-square-based overbounding criterion to assess how well the statistical bounds hold when integrated into PPP processing. Our investigation highlights impacts and improvements to the PPP solution when accounting for temporally correlated errors and motivates the need to do so for PPP in safety-critical domains where both accuracy and integrity are required.
Published in:	Proceedings of the ION 2026 Pacific PNT Meeting April 13 - 16, 2026 Hilton Waikiki Beach Honolulu, Hawaii
Pages:	286 - 299
Cite this article:	Wang, Rebecca, Min, Dongchan, Blanch, Juan, Walter, Todd, "User Domain Overbounding with Integrity of Time-Correlated Errors for Precise Point Positioning," Proceedings of the ION 2026 Pacific PNT Meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii, April 2026, pp. 286-299. https://doi.org/10.33012/2026.20609
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