GNSS Jamming Detection Using the CORS Network – A Case Study in North Carolina

Naia Lum, Shorya Malani, Mathieu Joerger

Peer Reviewed

Abstract:	This paper describes the refinement, deployment, and performance analysis of an automated Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) interference monitor using carrier-to-noise density ratio (C/N0) measurements. The monitor is implemented at 900 Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) of the U.S. National Geodetic Survey from August 2024 to present-day, and we focus on a subset of 67 CORS for a case study analysis. In this paper, we develop a methodology to perform a systematic analysis of hundreds-of-thousands of detected interference events. Five metrics are defined that evaluate events according to their counts, recurrence (time-of-event), duration, amount by which detection thresholds are exceeded, and raw C/N0 data directly from provided RINEX files. The monitor’s event data and the results of the analysis are published on an online platform. We evaluate the effectiveness of the monitor and analysis methodology through a case study of jamming over North Carolina, investigating three sites-of-interest. A relationship is established between event counts and traffic density (daytime versus nighttime, weekdays versus weekends). 17 CORS are also identified to have repeatable daily and weekly occurrences: these predictable jamming events, which correspond to drivers on regularly scheduled itineraries, confirm the monitors’ effectiveness and present opportunities for the collection of illegal jamming data ”in the wild.”
Published in:	Proceedings of the ION 2026 Pacific PNT Meeting April 13 - 16, 2026 Hilton Waikiki Beach Honolulu, Hawaii
Pages:	729 - 743
Cite this article:	Lum, Naia, Malani, Shorya, Joerger, Mathieu, "GNSS Jamming Detection Using the CORS Network – A Case Study in North Carolina," Proceedings of the ION 2026 Pacific PNT Meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii, April 2026, pp. 729-743. https://doi.org/10.33012/2026.20601
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