Utilizing SBAS Signals for RFI Detection and Characterization

Argyris Kriezis, Yu-Hsuan Chen, Dennis Akos, Sherman Lo, and Todd Walter

Abstract:	Jamming and spoofing of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals have become increasingly prevalent, particularly in connection with ongoing conflicts in Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Although these radio frequency interference (RFI) events are often localized to conflict zones, their collateral effects can extend across wide regions, spanning tens to hundreds of miles. The growing frequency of RFI disturbances in commercial contexts highlights the urgent need for robust detection and characterization systems to safeguard aviation, maritime, and other GNSS-dependent sectors. Prior work has shown that received power and signal-to-noise ratio metrics are effective for identifying RFI, as they capture the balance between received signal strength and noise floor levels. Leveraging these metrics, commercial GNSS receivers—without requiring hardware modifications—can detect and characterize both jamming and spoofing events. The effective monitoring range is influenced by receiver sensitivity, and when deployed as a network, such receivers can deliver critical RFI awareness for land, sea and air-based applications. In this paper, we present a LCM monitoring network implementation using data from the 2024 Jammer Test, demonstrating its capability to detect and characterize GNSS jamming and spoofing.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 38th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2025) September 8 - 12, 2025 Hilton Baltimore Inner Harbor Baltimore, Maryland
Pages:	541 - 551
Cite this article:	Kriezis, Argyris, Chen, Yu-Hsuan, Akos, Dennis, Lo, Sherman, Walter, Todd, "Utilizing SBAS Signals for RFI Detection and Characterization," Proceedings of the 38th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2025), Baltimore, Maryland, September 2025, pp. 541-551. https://doi.org/10.33012/2025.20396
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