Analysis of a Novel Controlled Reception Pattern Antenna and its Influence on GNSS Measurements and Positioning

Benjamin Adu, Pragati Basnet, Soroush Sasani, Sunil Bisnath, Mohamed K. Emara, Ian Goode, Joseph Botros

Peer Reviewed

Abstract:	This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of a low-power, dual-band analog Controlled Reception Pattern Antenna (CRPA) system designed for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) interference mitigation. Focusing on adaptive nulling performance, the study analyzes the temporal and spatial behavior of signal strength (C/N0) and pseudorange multipath across GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo constellations using real observational data. Results show that while the CRPA effectively suppresses signals in the null direction, it also attenuates desired satellite signals when nulls coincide with their line-of-sight, leading to localized signal degradation. This impact is evident in both time series and polar domain analyses, with multipath exhibiting erratic variations under nulling. Precise Point Positioning (PPP) performance was assessed under both nulling and non-nulling conditions. The CRPA without nulling achieved superior accuracy, with root mean square error (RMSE) values of 1.8 cm and 4.1 cm, compared to 4.7-5.2 cm and 9.6-10.3 cm, in the horizontal and vertical components, respectively, under nulling. These findings highlight the trade-off between jamming suppression and signal fidelity in analog CRPA systems. Future work will explore the integration of inertial sensors to localize interference, support for multiple nulls, and design feedback loops to optimize CRPA performance under complex signal environments.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 38th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2025) September 8 - 12, 2025 Hilton Baltimore Inner Harbor Baltimore, Maryland
Pages:	2239 - 2256
Cite this article:	Adu, Benjamin, Basnet, Pragati, Sasani, Soroush, Bisnath, Sunil, Emara, Mohamed K., Goode, Ian, Botros, Joseph, "Analysis of a Novel Controlled Reception Pattern Antenna and its Influence on GNSS Measurements and Positioning," Proceedings of the 38th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2025), Baltimore, Maryland, September 2025, pp. 2239-2256. https://doi.org/10.33012/2025.20288
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