An Analysis of Authentication Availability and Enhancements Through Vector Tracking for Galileo OSNMA Data and SAS Spreading Code Authentication

Toms Dorins, Mohamed Bochkati, Dominik Dötterböck, Thomas Pany, Stefan Baumann, Nikolas Dütsch, Andreas Wenz, Roman Ehrler

Abstract:	As global navigation satellite system (GNSS) based authentication becomes vital for security-critical applications, the availability of Galileo’s (GAL) authentication services Open service navigation message authentication (OSNMA) and Signal authentication service (SAS) must be ensured even under degraded signal conditions. This study investigates the impact of Vector tracking (VT), an advanced signal processing technique, on the robustness of Galileo (GAL) authentication services. Using the Multi sensor navigation analysis tool (MuSNAT) software receiver and real-world data from a Swiss Federal Railways campaign, we assess how VT improves the availability of authenticated navigation messages and spreading code authentication compared to traditional Scalar tracking (ST).
Published in:	Proceedings of the 38th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2025) September 8 - 12, 2025 Hilton Baltimore Inner Harbor Baltimore, Maryland
Pages:	22 - 44
Cite this article:	Dorins, Toms, Bochkati, Mohamed, Dötterböck, Dominik, Pany, Thomas, Baumann, Stefan, Dütsch, Nikolas, Wenz, Andreas, Ehrler, Roman, "An Analysis of Authentication Availability and Enhancements Through Vector Tracking for Galileo OSNMA Data and SAS Spreading Code Authentication," Proceedings of the 38th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2025), Baltimore, Maryland, September 2025, pp. 22-44. https://doi.org/10.33012/2025.20224
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