Integrity Monitoring of Cascading Faults in LEO-PNT Using a Dedicated ODTS Testbed

Heiko Engwerda, Francesco Menzione, and Maarten Uijt de Haag

Peer Reviewed

Abstract:	The integration of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations with Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) like Galileo requires effective integrity monitoring to mitigate cascading effects of errors. This paper investigates the potential error sources, cascading effects, and integrity monitoring strategy for augmented LEO-PNT systems. To this end, a simulation framework is developed to model the interaction between GNSS satellites, LEO satellites, and users. The results show that the proposed integrity monitor can detect and isolate the faults, ensuring the reliability and robustness of a hybrid LEO-PNT - GNSS system. The performance analysis demonstrates that the user positioning error variability and fault detection performance can be improved by the use of multiple GNSS constellations. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the development of robust and reliable navigation solutions for LEO-PNT systems taking into account the impact on end-user applications. Index Terms—LEO-PNT, GNSS, ODTS, P2OD, cascading faults, integrity monitoring.
Published in:	2025 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS) April 28 - 1, 2025 Salt Lake Marriott Downtown at City Creek Salt Lake City, UT
Pages:	1514 - 1520
Cite this article:	Engwerda, Heiko, Menzione, Francesco, de Haag, Maarten Uijt, "Integrity Monitoring of Cascading Faults in LEO-PNT Using a Dedicated ODTS Testbed," 2025 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS), Salt Lake City, UT, April 2025, pp. 1514-1520.
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