Strategies for Ambiguity Resolution in LEO-PNT Systems with Various Frequency Bands

Lotfi Massarweh and Sandra Verhagen

Peer Reviewed

Abstract:	In this paper, we investigate strategies for ambiguity resolution in Low Earth Orbit Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (LEO-PNT) systems, particularly across multiple frequency bands beyond the traditional L-band used in GNSS. By leveraging the rapid geometric change of LEO satellites, our study examines the feasibility of fast and reliable integer ambiguity resolution (IAR) in Precise Point Positioning with Ambiguity Resolution (PPP-AR). Using end-to-end simulations, we assess the impact of different signal bands on convergence time and positioning accuracy. The methodology incorporates the LAMBDA 4.0 toolbox for mixed-integer estimation models, providing insights into how LEO-PNT enhances PPP-AR performance. Results demonstrate significant improvements in ambiguity resolution success rates and positioning convergence when incorporating LEO signals, highlighting their potential in future PNT application. Index Terms—Global Navigation Satellite System, LEO-PNT, Precise Point Positioning, Ambiguity Resolution, LAMBDA.
Published in:	2025 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS) April 28 - 1, 2025 Salt Lake Marriott Downtown at City Creek Salt Lake City, UT
Pages:	450 - 458
Cite this article:	Massarweh, Lotfi, Verhagen, Sandra, "Strategies for Ambiguity Resolution in LEO-PNT Systems with Various Frequency Bands," 2025 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS), Salt Lake City, UT, April 2025, pp. 450-458.
Full Paper:	ION Members/Non-Members: 1 Download Credit Sign In