Determining Protection Levels Using Multiple Antennas Under Spoofing Conditions

Juan Blanch, Sherman Lo, Yu-Hsuan Chen, Argyris Kriezis, and Todd Walter

Peer Reviewed

Abstract:	We present a method to determine GNSS protection levels using multiple antennas under spoofing conditions. We evaluate these protection levels with real GNSS measurements affected by actual spoofing events. These protection levels could help evaluate the potential of two-antenna set ups to detect the effect of GNSS spoofing. Keywords—GNSS, Spoofing, Integrity
Published in:	2025 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS) April 28 - 1, 2025 Salt Lake Marriott Downtown at City Creek Salt Lake City, UT
Pages:	345 - 352
Cite this article:	Blanch, Juan, Lo, Sherman, Chen, Yu-Hsuan, Kriezis, Argyris, Walter, Todd, "Determining Protection Levels Using Multiple Antennas Under Spoofing Conditions," 2025 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS), Salt Lake City, UT, April 2025, pp. 345-352.
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