Commercial Radio Phase Difference of Arrival (PDOA) for GNSS-Independent PNT

David W.A. Taylor

Abstract:	Commercial broadcast frequency modulated (FM) radio provides the opportunity to implement wide area, potentially nationwide, global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-independent PNT. FM radio is ubiquitous in the U.S., providing 20 to 50 independent, frequently high-power channels in most locations. Stereo FM radio allows two complementary phase measurements that support PNT: the phase of the FM stereo pilot tone, and the phase of the carrier. The stereo pilot tone, with a long wavelength, provides an easy-to-resolve integer ambiguity but yields a coarse PNT solution, while the carrier phase provides a more challenging to resolve ambiguity but yields a more precise result. This paper reviews the capability of providing PNT data using phase difference of arrival (PDOA) of stereo pilot tone phase measurements. A future paper will present the results when using carrier phase PDOA.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 36th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2023) September 11 - 15, 2023 Hyatt Regency Denver Denver, Colorado
Pages:	2361 - 2372
Cite this article:	Taylor, David W.A., "Commercial Radio Phase Difference of Arrival (PDOA) for GNSS-Independent PNT," Proceedings of the 36th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2023), Denver, Colorado, September 2023, pp. 2361-2372. https://doi.org/10.33012/2023.19235
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