LTE Transmitter States Estimation Using a Combined Code and Carrier Phase Observation Model

Muhammad Subhan Hameed, Markel Arizabaleta-Diez, Mathias Philips-Blum, Thomas Pany

Abstract: Abstract-This paper presents a localization framework that consists of a combined code and carrier phase observation model and can be used to estimate the unknown position and clock states of a Long Term Evolution (LTE) transmitter for navigation. The LTE signals are tracked within a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) type receiver architecture, using Multi Sensor Navigation Analysis Tool (MuSNAT) software receiver, for four dynamic receiver trajectories around a target base station. The low noise carrier phase observation enables estimation of the base station position up to sub-meter level accuracy for signal measurements having a sufficiently long duration of stable carrier tracking. The paper presents the localization results of a research-oriented Amarisoft base station pertaining to two receiver platforms - a ground vehicle and an airborne Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). For each platform, the received LTE signal quality is first analyzed using Code-Minus-Carrier (CMC) time series and then for time durations where the code and phase tracking is stable, the observations are fed into a Kalman filter which estimates the transmitter 3-dimensional position, clock bias and drift over time as well as the LTE carrier phase float ambiguity. The estimated position states results are then compared against a ground-truth measurement of the transmit antenna coordinates, which is obtained using GNSS Real Time Kinematic (RTK) and triangulation with a surveying multi-station device. Index Terms-LTE positioning, signal-of-opportunity (SoO), cellular navigation
Published in: 2023 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS)
April 24 - 27, 2023
Hyatt Regency Hotel
Monterey, CA
Pages: 1107 - 1117
Cite this article: Hameed, Muhammad Subhan, Arizabaleta-Diez, Markel, Philips-Blum, Mathias, Pany, Thomas, "LTE Transmitter States Estimation Using a Combined Code and Carrier Phase Observation Model," 2023 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS), Monterey, CA, April 2023, pp. 1107-1117. https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS53410.2023.10139938
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