Impact of Terrestrial Emitters on Civil Aviation GNSS Receivers

Guillaume Novella, Christophe Macabiau, Axel Garcia-Pena, Anaïs Martineau, Philippe Estival, Pierre Ladoux, Olivier Troubet-Lacoste

Abstract:	GNSS radio frequency interferences (RFI) sources are often classified in two categories in the civil aviation community: aeronautical and non-aeronautical RFI. Aeronautical RFI sources gather systems with an aeronautical radio navigation system (ARNS) frequency allocation which radiate in or near the GNSS band and consequently affect the GNSS performance. Non-aeronautical sources include systems with no ARNS frequency allocation also radiating in the GNSS band, either voluntarily or involuntarily. To precisely estimate the impact of RFI sources on GNSS receiver has one main stake. Indeed, it allows to assess the GNSS receiver capability to meet minimum International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) performance objectives in nominal RFI environment or in nonnominal RFI environment (during jamming operations for instance). This article focuses on the non-aeronautical source called terrestrial emitters; this source is defined as the aggregation of terrestrial emitters involuntarily transmitting in the GNSS band. These ground sources gather portable electronic devices (PEDs) as well as other transmitters such as Wifi boxes transmitting spurious emission in the GNSS band. As civil aviation minimum performance objectives in terms of accuracy, continuity, availability and integrity are often translated into effective carrier to noise density ratio requirement to characterize GNSS acquisition, tracking and demodulation performance, the objective of this work is to compute the impact of terrestrial emitters in terms of equivalent additive white noise. In particular, the influence of different propagation channel models on terrestrial emitters received power are investigated, discussed, and compared for different civil aviation phases of flight (taxi, approach, en-route). Moreover, the density of emitters, which is linked to the density of population, is here taken into account considering European population density datasets.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 35th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2022) September 19 - 23, 2022 Hyatt Regency Denver Denver, Colorado
Pages:	3863 - 3887
Cite this article:	Novella, Guillaume, Macabiau, Christophe, Garcia-Pena, Axel, Martineau, Anaïs, Estival, Philippe, Ladoux, Pierre, Troubet-Lacoste, Olivier, "Impact of Terrestrial Emitters on Civil Aviation GNSS Receivers," Proceedings of the 35th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2022), Denver, Colorado, September 2022, pp. 3863-3887. https://doi.org/10.33012/2022.18570
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