A Study on GPS/GLONASS Multiple Reference Station Techniques for Precise Real-Time Carrier Phase-Based Positioning

Liwen Dai, Shaowei Han, Jinling Wang and Chris Rizos

Abstract:	Real-time high precision GPS/GLONASS surveying and navigation applications have been constrained to the shortrange case due to the presence of distance-dependent biases in the between-receiver single-differenced observables. Over the past few years, the use of a GPS/GLONASS reference station network approach, to extend the inter-receiver distances (user-to-reference receiver separation), has shown great promise. In order to account for the distance-dependent residual biases, such as the atmospheric biases and orbit errors, several techniques have been developed. They include the Linear Combination Model, Distance-Based Linear Interpolation Method, Linear Interpolation Method, Lower- Order Surface Model, and Least–Squares Collocation. All of these methods aim to model (or interpolate) the distancedependent biases between the base station(s) and the user receiver with the support of a multiple reference station network. In this paper, the interpolation methods related to these techniques are reviewed in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of each of these techniques are discussed. On an epoch-by-epoch and satellite-by-satellite basis, all of the abovementioned methods use a n-1 independent error vector generated from a n reference station network to model the distance-dependent biases at the user station. General formulas for all of the methods involve the computation of the n-1 coefficients first, and then form a n-1 linear combination with a n-1 error vector from the reference stations to mitigate the spatially correlated errors for the user station(s). Test data from GPS reference stations was used to evaluate the performance of the proposed methods. The numerical results show that all of the proposed implementations of the multiple reference station approach can significantly reduce the distance-dependent biases associated with carrier phase and pseudo-range measurements at the GPS user station. The performance of all the methods is similar.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GPS 2001) September 11 - 14, 2001 Salt Palace Convention Center Salt Lake City, UT
Pages:	392 - 403
Cite this article:	Dai, Liwen, Han, Shaowei, Wang, Jinling, Rizos, Chris, "A Study on GPS/GLONASS Multiple Reference Station Techniques for Precise Real-Time Carrier Phase-Based Positioning," Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GPS 2001), Salt Lake City, UT, September 2001, pp. 392-403.
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