Authenticating GALILEO Open Signal using QZSS Signal

Dinesh Manandhar and Ryosuke Shibasaki

Abstract:	GNSS signal spoofing has become one of the problems in GNSS applications besides interference and jamming. The use of GNSS in applications that require high level of security and safety is limited by spoofing issues. For example, the use of PVT data in ITS sector, auto-driving or assisted driving require spoof-proof signal for secured and safe operation of the system. However, at present none of the GNSS open signal or civilian signal is protected from spoofing. The signals are not designed from the view point of antispoofing capabilities. GALILEO open signals will be authenticated to protect the signals from spoofing. This will be one of the methodologies to protect open signal from spoofing. It is comparatively simpler to authenticate GALILEO signals by using GALILEO system itself. However, it is quite complex to authenticate GPS or other system’s signals by using GLILEO signal. We have developed methodologies to authenticate QZSS signals as well as GPS and GALILEO signals by using QZSS system. This methodology can also be implemented for other GNSS Open Signals like BEIDOU. The methodology is based on broadcasting Digital Signature embedded in one of the QZSS signals. In order to authenticate GALILEO signal, the digital signature data for each visible GALILEO satellite at the Authentication Monitoring Station are generated by using specific portion of the visible satellite’s navigation data. These navigation data are then hashed and encrypted with asynchronous keys and formatted to fit in one of the navigation messages of QZSS signals (e.g. L1S). This hashed and encrypted digital signature is broadcasted from QZSS satellite for GALILEO signal authentication so that anti-spoofing capabilities for GALILEO open signals can be implemented.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 31st International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2018) September 24 - 28, 2018 Hyatt Regency Miami Miami, Florida
Pages:	3995 - 4003
Cite this article:	Manandhar, Dinesh, Shibasaki, Ryosuke, "Authenticating GALILEO Open Signal using QZSS Signal," Proceedings of the 31st International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2018), Miami, Florida, September 2018, pp. 3995-4003. https://doi.org/10.33012/2018.15872
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