THE CABLE & WIRELESS APPROACH TO NETWORK SYNCHRONIZATION

Robert D. Calvert

Abstract:	This paper presents the philosophy adopted by Cable and Wireless for the synchronization of its worldwide network. It identifies the architectures of some of the clock systems already deployed and how network synchronization has been implemented at selected locations. This includes some innovative designs as the network spans both first and third world countries with a combination of North American and European hierarchy equipment. Different parts of the global network are linked together by a combination of terrestrial microwave, submarine cable and satellite technology. The paper also addresses the impact of synchronization on Intelsat IDR operation and the restoration of submarine cable systems. The paper does not attempt to identify details of all the clock systems deployed by Cable and Wireless and its subsidiary companies world-wide, rather a snapshot of some of these systems is presented.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 22th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting December 4 - 6, 1990 Sheraton Premiere Hotel Vienna, Virginia
Pages:	375 - 382
Cite this article:	Calvert, Robert D., "THE CABLE & WIRELESS APPROACH TO NETWORK SYNCHRONIZATION," Proceedings of the 22th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting, Vienna, Virginia, December 1990, pp. 375-382.
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