End Resonances for Atomic Clocks

A.B. Post, Y-Y. Jau, N.N. Kuzma, A.M. Braun, S. Lipp, J.H. Abeles, M.V. Romalis, E. Miron, W. Happer

Abstract:	We discuss advantages of the “end” resonances for the miniaturized, chip-scale atomic clocks based on alkali-vapor cells filled with high-pressure buffer gases. Compared to the commonly used 0-0 resonance clock design, these advantages include a higher signal-to-noise ratio, a narrower linewidth at high vapor densities, and a significantly reduced sensitivity to the frequency stability of the pump laser at high buffer-gas pressure. We report our measurements of the 133Cs resonance linewidth for both 0-0 and end transitions, and give the estimates of the 133Cs resonance-damping rates due to N2 buffer gas. Contributions to the total linewidth from other broadening mechanisms are also discussed. Finally, we demonstrate a 1 kHz end resonance linewidth in a MEMS-fabricated microcell containing cesium and 1 atm N2.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 35th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting December 2 - 4, 2003 Hilton Resort on Mission Bay San Diego, California
Pages:	445 - 456
Cite this article:	Post, A.B., Jau, Y-Y., Kuzma, N.N., Braun, A.M., Lipp, S., Abeles, J.H., Romalis, M.V., Miron, E., Happer, W., "End Resonances for Atomic Clocks," Proceedings of the 35th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting, San Diego, California, December 2003, pp. 445-456.
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