Precision Micromechanical Inertial Sensors: New Potentialities And New Problems

Alexander P. Mezentsev, Leonid Z. Novikov, Sergey A. Kharlamov, Valerian P. Doronin, Anatoly S. Neapolitansky

Abstract:	20-th century is the century of inertial navigation which tasks stimulated development of gyroscopic sensors and information processing and transformation systems. Mechanical gyroscopic sensors by the 90-ies achieved actual precision values of 10-4 - 10-S O/h and operating resource more than 105 h. Improvement of mechanical sensors was going on parallel with development of electronics with strong influence of electronics potentialities on choice of engineering decisions on gyroscopic sensors including use of technologies for producing gyroscopic sensors. The end of the 80-ies and the beginning of the 90-ies were marked by practical integration of principles developed by gyroscopists as far back as the 50-ies with achievements in microelectronics. As a result on this basis a new trend in gyro technology appeared - micromechanical inertial sensors : gyros and accelerometers. While in the time of mechanical, laser and other sensors ( which conditionally we call traditional ) precision was one of the basic parameters ( and also subject of gyroscopists’ pride ), then in micromechanical sensors precision retreats to the background making way for cardinal size and price reduction. This is dictated by situation as well as by growth of applications in navigation of satellite positioning systems. So on the axis of precision for micromechanical gyros the range from 101 to 103 O/h is assigned. RIAM taking part in the work on development of micromechanical gyros can see the nearest perspective of producing precision micromechanical gyros having parametres from 101 to 10-2 O/h . In the report we try to give grounds for expediency of this trend of the efforts taking into account in the first place aviation and space- system engineering problems. In this case three problems for micromechanical gyros arise , namely : l substitution of traditional sensors ; l combining precision micromechanical gyros with traditional sensors; l new problems of their application. Such problem formulation lies in the channel of RIAM experience and traditions when precision is considered as supertask and its achievement - as process. Stages and technical means projected to realize this process are considered in a separate report given by RIAM’s branch enterprise - Vector Ltd.
Published in:	Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of The Institute of Navigation (1996) June 19 - 21, 1996 Royal Sonesta Hotel Cambridge, MA
Pages:	705 - 711
Cite this article:	Mezentsev, Alexander P., Novikov, Leonid Z., Kharlamov, Sergey A., Doronin, Valerian P., Neapolitansky, Anatoly S., "Precision Micromechanical Inertial Sensors: New Potentialities And New Problems," Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of The Institute of Navigation (1996), Cambridge, MA, June 1996, pp. 705-711.
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