Disciplined oscillators for traceable frequency and time in metrology and financial sectors

Dirk Piester, Andreas Bauch, Thomas Polewka, Egle Staliuniene, Kristof Teichel

Peer Reviewed

Abstract:	Laboratory sources for standard frequency and time that receive external time signals to control their built-in oscillators are widely used wherever accurate and stable frequency and time, optionally with universal synchronization, are required. We propose a method to obtain traceability of such signals to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and particularly to UTC(PTB), its realization by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). The role of PTB's weekly published Time Service Bulletin is discussed in detail, and the metrological steps for establishing and maintaining traceability are described and uncertainty contributions are stated. Furthermore, we discuss how to possibly meet financial sector regulations according to European MiFID II. A procedure as a component for the assessment to provide accurate time through telecommunication networks using, eg, the Network Time Protocol (NTP) is presented. It checks outputs of an NTP server to validate that its time reference and provided time-of-day information is in accordance with specific requirements.
Published in:	NAVIGATION: Journal of the Institute of Navigation, Volume 66, Number 3
Pages:	661 - 672
Cite this article:	Export Citation https://doi.org/10.1002/navi.324
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