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Session B5a: LEO-PNT: Concepts, Systems and Use Cases

Multi-Constellation Opportunistic Positioning Technology from LEO Signals: Simulation and Performance Analysis
Bowen Ai, Shengjie Zhou, Jihong Huang, Rong Yang, and Xingqun Zhan, School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Location: Grand Ballroom ABC
Date/Time: Thursday, May. 1, 9:43 a.m.

This study investigates the feasibility of multi-constellation Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite systems as a robust positioning alternative to Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). A software-defined simulator is designed and implemented to generate intermediate frequency signals for three distinct LEO constellations: Starlink, Iridium, and Orbcomm. These signals are processed through a Signals of Opportunity (SOP) receiver to extract dual-mode observations - Time of Arrival (TOA) and Frequency of Arrival (FOA) measurements. Satellite ephemeris are precisely calculated using Two-Line Element (TLE) data for orbit determination. Positioning accuracy is systematically evaluated. Experimental results demonstrate that the multi-constellation collaborative positioning achieves a positioning accuracy of 411.37 meters. This work establishes a software-defined framework for LEO-based positioning systems, highlighting the synergistic potential of heterogeneous satellite constellations.
Index Terms—navigation, LEO satellite, multi-constellation positioning, SOP, Starlink, Orbcomm, Iridium

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