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ION Proceedings


ION GPS-94 Proceedings
7th International Technical Meeting of
The Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation

September 20-23, 1994
Salt Palace Convention Center - Salt Lake City, UT

CROSS-LISTING OF PAPERS BY SUBJECT

ATTITUDE DETERMINATION (also see Spacecraft Orbit and Attitude Determination)

Assessment of a Non-Dedicated GPS Receiver System for Precise Airborne Attitude Determination
Dr. M. Elizabeth Cannon and Huangqi, The University of Calgary; Todd Owen
and Mark Meindi, Sandia National Laboratories
645-654
Techniques to Achieve Ultra-Precise Attitude Determination for Large Baselines
Steven Karels and Thomas Macdonald, TASC; Dr. Mats Viggh, Transmission Lines, Inc.;
Robert BalIa, Ground Based Radar Project Office 667-673
Dynamic GPS Attitude Performance Using INS/GPS Reference
C. McMiIIan, Defence Research Establishment Ottawa; Dale Arden, Dale Arden Consulting;
Gerard Lachapelle and Gang Lu, The University of Calgary 675-682
Instantaneous GPS Attitude Tests: Cycle Ambiguity Resolved
Geoffrey Hazel and Stacey Smith, Adroit Systems, Inc. 683-688
Design Considerations and Operational Results of an Attitude Determination Unit
Mark Kuhl, Dr. Xinhua Qin, and William Cottrell, Ashtech, Inc. 689-696
Analysis of Angular Velocity Determination Using GPS
Paul Montgomery, Dr. Hirohiko Uematsu, and Dr. Bradford Parkinson, Stanford University 697-706
A New Method of Instantaneous Ambiguity Resolution
Don Knight, Knight Systems 707-716
Antenna Baseline and Line Bias Estimation Using Pseudolites for GPS-Based Attitude Determination
Dr. Hirohiko Uematsu and Dr. Bradford Parkinson, Stanford University 717-726


CIVIL AIRBORNE NAVIGATION AND SURVEILLANCE

GPS and Air Traffic Control: Start With a Clean Sheet of Paper
Donald Tilden, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University 909-911
Communication Protocols for GPS-Based Surveillance and TCAS
Ran Gazit and Dr. J. David Powell, Stanford University 923-932
Jammers In the Commercial World of GPS
Blane Wollschlager, Rockwell 933-937
Aircraft Surveillance Based on GPS Position Broadcasts from Mode S Beacon Transponders
Edward Bayliss, Robert Boisvert, Michael Burrows, and William Harman, MIT Lincoln Laboratory 939-950
Aspects Concerning Civil GNSS
Ph. Hartl and K-H. Thiel, Institute of Navigation, University of Stuttgart 951-954
Accurate Positioning In a Flight Inspection System Using
Differential Global Navigation Satellite Systems
Cecelia Feit and Martin Bates, Sierra Research 955-964
The Use of Airborne Differential GPS to Detect Coordinate and Calibration Errors In DME Navigation Aids
Prof. Vidal Ashkenazi, Dr. Terry Moore, and Dr. Chris Hill, IESSG;
Dr. John Storey, Rowland Rawlings, and Conrad Cleasby, EUROCONTROL 965-972
Future Developments In Digital Photoflight Navigation: Visual Aided Mission Planning and
Satellite Aided Navigation Copilot
Dr. Günter Hein, Dr. Bemd Eissfeller, and Jurgen Pielmeier, University FAF 1107-1115
A Summary of GPS SPS Performance as Observed by the FAA’s GPS Performance Analysis Network
J.C. Johns, FAA Satellite Program Office; Rob Conley, Overlook Systems Technologies, Inc. 1117-1125
Interference to GNSS Receivers in the Civil Aviation Environment
Mark Johnson, Rockwell 1127-1136
Flight Test Results of Autocoupled Approaches Using GPS and Integrity Beacons
Clark Cohen, David Lawrence, Boris Pervan, H. Stewart Cobb, Andrew Barrows, J. David Powell, and
Bradford Parkinson, Stanford University; Victor Wullschleger & Steve Kalinowski, FAA Tech. Center 1145-1153

DGPS Navigates Forestry Vehicles In Real-lime
René Levesque, Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada 203-204
Testing of GPS Augmented with Pseudolites for Precision Approach Applications
Dr. Bryant Elrod and Kevin Barttrop, Stanford Telecom; Dr. A. J. Van Dierendonck, Al Systems 1269- 1278
SCAT-I VHF Data Link: Developments and Testing
Trent Skidmore, Ohio University 1279-1284
Standards for Benchmarking Differential GPS
Vidal Ashkenazi, Terry Moore, and Chris Hill, University of Nottingham;
Paul Cross, Will Roberts, Duncan Hawksbee, and Keith Mollon, University of Newcastle;
Dick Winchester, Marine Technology Directorate Limited;
Tim Jackson, United Kingdom Offshore Operators Association 1285-1290
Optimum Antenna Design for DGPS Ground Reference Stations
Michael Braasch, Ohio University 1291-1297
The Development of a Modular DGPS System
Timothy McCall, Dynamic Satellite Surveys 1299-1307
Bandwidth Efficient Platform Reporting DGPS System
Thomas Green, Navstar Systems Ltd.; Patrick Davis, Navsymm 1309-1314
Channel Coding of DGPS Transmissions for Taxi Guidance - A concept for Combined
Error Detection and Correction Using Concatenated Codes
Thomas Muller and Hermann Rohling, Technical University of Braunschweig 1315-1320
Comparisons of DGPS Systems in a Dynamic Environment
James Clynch, Naval Postgraduate School 1481-1490
Testing a Radio Link System for Real-Time DGPS Velocity Determination
Klaus-Peter Schwarz, Ziwen Uu, and John Qiyue Zhang, The University of Calgary 1491-1498
Kinematic On-The-Fly GPS Positioning Relative to a Moving Reference
Dr. Bruce Hermann, Dr. Alan Evans, and Christopher Law, NSWCDD;
Dr. Benjamin Remondi, NOM 1499-1507
Flight Experiment Results for Aircraft Positioning with Carrier Phases
Dr. Masaaki Murata, Toshiaki Tsujii, and Masatoshi Harigae, National Aerospace Laboratory 1519-1526
A European Wide Area DGPS Experiment: Final Results
Ian Casewell and Dr. Sally Basker, Racal Research Ltd.; Gordon Johnson, Racal Survey;
Ole Hákegãrd and Borje Forssell, Norwegian Institute of Technology;
Gunter Hein and Dick Oskam, University FAF 1547-1557
A Differential Global Positioning System for Flight Inspection of Radio Navigation Aids
Dr. D. Alexander Stratton, Parker-Gull Electronics 1559-1566
A GPS-based High-precision Positioning and Guidance System
Dr. Herbert Landau, Robert Hundt, Christian Pagls, and Dr. Ulrich Vollath, tenaSat GmbH;
Bo Granstedt, Saab Instruments AB 1099-1106
DGPS For Seamless Airport Operations
Lois Valliere Pilley and H. Robert Pilley, DSDC 913-921
GPS Pseudolite Signal Design
Awele Ndili, Stanford University 1375-1382
DGPS Radiobeacon Coverage Prediction, Including Own-Skyware Effect
Dorothy Poppe, University of Wales, Bangor 1383-1390


GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)

GPS/GIS and Space Time Data
Dr. Ewan Masters, Bemd Hirsch, and Ken Wong, The University of New South Wales 61-69 Innovative Integration of GPS, Radiological Measuring Equipment,
and GIS to Conduct Radiological Walkover Survey
Celeste Barry, Jeff Sims, and Carl Efird, Bechtel National, Inc. 71-77
GPS In Swedish Forestry
Sverker Johansson, SkogForsk, The Forestry Research Institute of Sweden 79-83
GIS Data Collection Using the GPSVan Supported by a GPS/lnertial Mapping System
Dr. Josef Coetsee and Dr. Alison Brown, NAVSYS; Dr. John BossIer, Ohio State University 85-93

Compact Circuitry for GLONASS Reception
Dr. Oliver Leisten, Navstar Systems 453-459
Fully Integrated GLONASS Dual Frequency P-Code and GPS/GLONASS
Single Frequency C/A Code Receiver: Features and Performance
Anushia Balendra, Sonia Kim, and Jacques Beser, 3S Navigation 461-470
The Russian GLONASS System: A US Air Force/Russian Study
Scott Feairheller, U.S. Air Force 293-304
GPS/GLONASS lime Difference Measurements and Test Bed Development
Benjamin Peterson, Eric Chamberlin, and Terry Vogler, U.S. Coast Guard Academy;
Peter Daly and Stuart Riley, University of Leeds 305-312
Full Automated System for Receiving and Processing GLONASS Data
Dr. Yurl Gouzhva, Dr. Arvid Gevorkyan, Dr. Pytor Bogdanov, and Vitaly Ovchinnikov,
Russian Institute of Radionavigation and Time 313-316


IONOSPHERE AND EARTH OBSERVATION

Ionospheric Amplitude and Phase Fluctuations at the GPS Frequencies
Dr. Jules Aarons, Boston University; Santimay Basu, Phillips Laboratory 1569-1578
Ionospheric Effects on GPS and DGPS in Polar Regions
James Clynch, Naval Postgraduate School; Carl Henry, NISE-West San Diego 1579-1587
Statistics of Time Rate of Change of Ionospheric Range Delay
Patricia Doherty and Eric Raffi, Boston College; John Klobuchar, Phillips Laboratory;
Dr. M. Bakry El-Arini, The MITRE Corporation 1589-1598
Extracting Ionospheric Measurements from ‘GPS In the Presence of Anti-Spoofing
Brian Wilson and Anthony Mannucci, Jet Propulsion Laboratory 1599-1608
Enhanced Ionospheric Delay Compensation Using GLONASS
Jacques Beser and Anushia Balendra, 3S Navigation 1609-1617
Operational Expendable GPS Sensors for Earth Observation
Peter MacDoran, Kenn Gold, Dr. William Schreiner, Fred Ziel, Michael Mathews, and
Steven Anderson, International Series Research, Inc.;
David Call, Atmospheric Instrumentation Research, Inc. 1619-1625
Radiosonde Measurement of the Atmosphere Using GPS Positioning Data
Michael Alexander, U.S. Army 1627-1635
GPS Software Development for Use in Aerogravimetry: Strategy, Realization, and First Results
Guochang Xu, Klaus HehI, & DetlefAngermann, GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam Telegrafenberg 1637-1642
Air Force Ionospheric Measuring System Supports Global Monitoring and
Mitigation of Effects on AF Systems
Gregory Bishop, Phillips Laboratory, Daniel Eyring, Charles Stark Draper Laboratory,
Kevin Scro, Capt Sue Deissner, and Capt. Devin Della-Rose, Air Force Space Forecast Center;
Capt. William Cade, Air Force Space Command, Nick Ceaglio, Sacramento Air Logistics Center;
Maj. Matt Colello, Air Weather Service/DOO 1643-1651
Analysis of the Temporal Stability of GPS and GLONASS Group Delay Correction Terms
Seen In Various Sets of Ionospheric Delay Data
Gregory Bishop, Phillips Laboratory; David Walsh and Peter Daly, University of Leeds;
Andrew Mazzella, ROP Incorporated; Elizabeth Holland, Northwest Research Associates 1653-1661
The International GPS Service for Geodynamics - Benefits to Users
James Zumberge and Ruth Neilan, Jet Propulsion Laboratory;
Gerhard Beutler and Werner Gurtner, University of Borne 1663-1666
TIDGET Tracking at the Edge of Space
Alison Brown, Amir Matini, and Bruce Johnson, NAVSYS Corporation;
Jack Crabtree, Edge of Space Sciences 1667-1673
Neural Network Loran-C Calibration Using GPS
Dr. Alexey Cherepakhin, Dr. Yaokun Zhong, and Daniel Greenwood, NETROLOGIC, Inc. 407-416
Using Low Cost Inertial Sensors for Integrated Satellite-Inertial Navigation
Stefan Vieweg, Institute of Flight Guidance and Control, TU Braunschweig 417-425
Operational Results in a Full-Integrated Aircraft Navigation System with Standard Avionic
Using DGPS, MLS and DME/P
M.A. Martinez and Dr. M. Perez, GMVS.A ; A. Roman and L Andrada,
Aeropuertos Españoles y Navegacion Aérea - AENA 427-442
A Universal GPS/INS Kalman Filter Design
Gene Howell and Dr. Wang Tang, ARINC Research Corporation 443-451
Precise DGPS and Self Calibrating Laser Altimetry for Airborne Marine Geoid Determination
A. Geiger, M. Cocard, V. Peter, and H-G. Kahle, GGL-ETHZ 471-476
Silicon Inertial and GPS Guidance for Gun Launched Munitions
Mahendra Singh, Waddan Systems; John Fraysee, NSWC Dahigren; Sanjai Kohli, STS Inc. 477-482
Development and Testing of a Low Cost Integrated GPS/INS
Dr. Klaus-Peter Schwarz and Gengsheng Zhang, The University of Calgary 1137-1144
Use of GPS/INS in the Design of Airborne Multisensor Data Collection Missions
(for Tuning NN-based ATR algorithms)
Dr. Thomas Kerr Ill, TeK Associates 1173-1188
A GPS/INS Aided Video Camera System for Rapid GIS Surveys in Urban Centers
Naser El-Sheimy, The University of Calgary 1357-1366
Integration of INS with Multiple GPS Antennas for Airborne Applications
Huangqi Sun, The University of Calgary 1401-1409


INTEGRITY, RAIM, SATELLITE AUGMENTATION

A Partial Identification RAIM Algorithm for GPS Sole Means Navigation
R. Grover Brown, Iowa State University; John Kraemer, U.S. Department of Transportation;
Giau Nim, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center 557-566
A New Approach to GPS Integrity/Availability: Immediate Global Sole Means Without WAAS
Dr. John Diesel, Litton Aero Products 567-5 76
Impacts of Ionospheric Fading on GPS Navigation Integrity
Gregory Bishop and Dr. Santimay Basu, Phillips Laboratory (A FMC);
Elizabeth Holland and James Secan, Northwest Research Associates 577-585
RAIM Availability for Augmented GPS-Based Navigation Systems
William Michalson, Jonathan Bemick, Peter Levin, and Per Enge, Worchester Polytechnic Institute 587-595
PPS RAIM Algorithms and Their Performance
Karl Kovach, Diane Davis, and Hans Maquet, ARINC 597-607
Autonomous Integrity Monitoring for GPS-Based Precision Landing Using
Ground-Based Integrity Beacon Pseudolites
Boris Pervan, Dr. Clark Cohen, David Lawrence, H. Stewart Cobb, Dr. J. David Powell,
and Dr. Bradford Parkinson, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University 609-618
RAIM Detection and Isolation Integrity Availability With and Without CAG
Dr. Mohan Ananda, Dr. Jum Leung, Dr. Prem Munjal, and Barry Siegel, The Aerospace Corp. ‘619-630
Monitoring Differential GPS Who Will Guard The Guards?
Michael Barnes, Racal Survey USA Inc.; Gordon Johnston, Racal Survey Limited, UK 631-637
Optimization of Add-On Satellites to GPS
Pierre Janniere and Dr. Erick Lansard, Alcatel Espace; Thieny Boquillon, ENSAE 639-642


LAND AND INTELLIGENT VEHICLE HIGHWAY SYSTEMS (IVHS)

Projected Navigation System Requirements for Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS)
D. Jim Chadwick, The MITRE Corporation 485-490
Open Architecture, A New Concept In Vehicle Location Systems
Lynn Stoddart, TransTrak, Inc. 491-499

Mobiflex Alarm, a Vehicle Location System Based on Open Subsystem Interfaces
Roger Bengtsson, Eric Wichtel, and Magdalena Akke, Telia Research AB 501-508
GPS Installation on Federal Railroad Track Geometry Vehicle
John Conner, II, Empire Digital Instruments; Bdale Garbee, Garbee and Garbee;
Carl Fischer, Federal Railroad Administration 509-518
Seasonal Effect of Tree Foliage on GPS Signal Availability and Accuracy for Vehicular Navigation
G. Lachapelle, J. Henriksen, and T. Melgára, The University of Calgary 527-532
Results of a Study Into the Utility of Carrier Phase GPS for Automated Highway Systems
Randal Galijan, James Gilkey, and Richard Turner, SRI International 533-541
Kinematic GPS In a Robotic Vehicle
Yingfeng Li and Phillip Noe, Texas A&M University 543-546
Traffic Accident Vehicle Position Location on Florida’s Highways Using Differential GPS
Dr. Ramesh Shrestha, University of Florida 547-554
An Adaptive Filter for Land Navigation Using Neural Computing
Mark Dumville and Maria Tsakiri, University of Nottingham 1349-1356
Improved GPS Positioning for Motor Vehicles Through Map Matching
Craig Scott, University of Technology, Sydney 1391-1400


MARITIME APPLICATIONS

Issues Associated with GPS Availability for Certain Marine Applications
Dr. Vis Sankaran and Alan Zorn, Dynamics Research Corporation 1413-1419
Overcoming Interference to Reception of GPS at Sea
Dr. Nick Ward, Trinity House Lighthouse Services; Dr. RoIf Johannessen, BNR Europe Limited 1421-1427
World Wide Datum Transformation Parameter Retrieval for Marine Navigation
Dr. Terry Moore, Dr. Martin Smith, and Mark Dumville, The University of Nottingham 1429-1434
One-Meter Level Kinematic Point Positioning Using Precise Orbits and Satellite Clock Corrections
G. Lachapelle, R. Klukas, D. Roberts, and W. Qiu, The University of Calgary;
C. McMiIlan, Defence Research Establishment Ottawa 1435-1443
Fault Tolerant Marine Beacons - A New Strategy for Maintaining Continuous DGPS Operations
Simon Frost, SAGEM 1445-1449
The Canadian Coast Guard DGPS Project
Fred Forbes, Sam Ryan, and Sun Wee, Canadian Coast Guard 1451-1460
Testing the Subsystems of the U.S. Coast Guard DGPS Service
Steve Nagengast, LT Nicholas Russo, and Mark Vassaloth, USCGJEECEN;
Vincent DiCristofaro, NRAD Warminster 1461-1470
Identification of Dynamic Ship Motion on the Basis of Accuracy Position Measurements
Dr. Ralf Fiedler, Michael Gluch, Jens Kirchner, and Dr. Jurgen Majohr, University of Rostock 1471-1477


MILITARY

GPS Exploitation for Precision Targeting: Results
George Beck, James Dare, Joseph Kaiser, and Carlos Bedoya, McDonnell Douglas Aerospace;
Todd Jenkins and Pete Howe, Wright Lab, WPAFB 807-816
Limitations of GPS Jamming Models In Providing Definitive Jamming Assessments
Capt. Jay Purvis, U.S. Air Force 817-822
GPS Performance Under Aircraft Masking Conditions: AGM-130 Flight Demonstration
with Midcourse Guidance
Roy Kerfoot, Jr., Rockwell Tactical Systems Division; Wilmer Mickelson and Larry Vittorini,
Rockwell Collins Avionics & Communications Division; John Nielson, Nielson Consultants 823-839
Accuracy Comparison of GPS and an Inverse GPS Locating System
Dr. James Watson, Dr. Fred Shimabukuro, and Dr. David Schwartz, The Aerospace Corp. 841-850
Relative GPS Using DME/TACAN Data Link
James Waid and Dennis King, E-Systems 851-861
An Analytical Study of Fast Acquisition Issues In GPS Exploitation for Electronic Combat
Dr. Sultan Mahmood and Colleen Stewart, Sverdrup Technology, Inc.; Neeraj Pujara, Wright Laboratory 863-870

Analysis of a Completely Integrated INS/GPS Navigation System for Re-Entry Vehicles
Erwin Lohnert and Dr. Bernd Eissfeller, University FAF; Dr. Otto Wagner, TU Munich 871-881
New Theories and GPS Experiments About Effects of Multipath and RF Jammers
René Landry and Shahrzad Mahooti, ENSAE 883-897
T1DGET Applications for Missile Tracking and Guidance
Dr. Alison Brown and Dr. Thomas Kelecy, NAVSYS Corporation 899-906
Combat Survivor Evader Locator (CSEL): Requirements and Progress
James Fong, SMC/XRF U.S. Air Force 317-325


MULTIPATH EFFECTS AND REDUCTION

A Practical Approach to the Reduction of Pseudorange Multipath Errors In a LI GPS Receiver
Bryan Townsend and Patrick Fenton, NovAtel Communications Ltd. 143-148
A Special Method of Managing Multipath Effects
D. Becker, K. H. Thiel, and Ph. Hartl, Institute of Navigation, University Stuttgart 157-163
Use of Signal-To-Noise Ratio for Multipath Error Correction in GPS Differential Phase Measurements:
Methodology and Experimental Results
Dr. Penina Axeirad, Christopher Comp, and Peter MacDoran, University of Colorado 655-666
Characterization of Multipath on Land and Sea at GPS Frequencies
Jean-Claude Auber and Alain Bibaut, Dassault Bectmnique; Jean-Marie Rigal, Centre
Technique Des Moyens d’Essais 1155-1171


NEW PRODUCT ANNOUNCEMENT

A New Line of GPS/GLONASS Receivers and Simulators
Jacques Beser, 3S Navigation 1045-1053
MODEL GPS-XL The Single Board GPS lime & Frequency Solution
Chad Gillease and Bruce Penrod, True Time Inc. 1055-1059
An Open Architecture GPS Receiver Using Just 8 Off-the-Shelf Chips for All-in-View
Survey-Quality Positioning at Consumer Prices
Philhp Mattos, SGS-Thomson Micro Electronics 1061-1066
NovAtel’s RT2O - A Real Time Floating Ambiguity Positioning System
Thomas Ford and Janet Neumann, NovAtel Communications 1067-1076
LANDNAV: A Highly Accurate Land Navigation System for Agricultural Applications
John Pointon and Kumar Babu, Del Norte Technology, Inc. 1077-1080
The XR5 12 Channel Kernal
Anthony Haddrell, Navstar Systems Ltd. 1081-1085
GPS Sensors for a Variety of Applications
Harumasa Hojo, Shigeo Kawashima, Hiroyuki Kida, Mutsuo Hada, and
Masakuni Hayashi, Japan Radio Co., Ltd. 1087-1095


POLICY, STATUS, AND INSTITUTIONAL CONCERNS

Way Points for Radio Navigation in the 21st Century
Olaf Lundberg, INMARSAT 3-15
Maintenance and Enhancement of the World Geodetic System 1984
Stephen Malys and James Slater, Defense Mapping Agency 17-24
Civil GPS Timing Applications
David Allan, Allan’s TIME, Inc.; Jack Kusters and Robin Giffard, Hewlett Packard Company 25-32
GPS Dual Use Opportunities
Col. Michael Wiedemer, US. Air Force 33-47
A Low-Cost Atomic Clock: Impact on the National Airspace and GNSS Availability
John Murphy, Westinghouse; Dr. Trent Skidmore, Ohio University 1329-1336
Time and Clock Issues In WADGPS
Dr. Sally Basker and lane Casewell, Racal Research Ltd. 1509-1518


SATELLITE TECHNOLOGY IMPROVEMENTS

Recent MCS Improvements to GPS Timing
Capt. Steven Hutsell, 2nd Space Operations Squadron, Falcon AFB 261-273
Between Sun and Earth: Solar Pressure State Estimation In the GPS Master Control Station
Capt. Ronald Smetek, Jr., U.S. Air Force; John Taylor, IV, Martin Marietta Corporation 275-284
Improved WGS 84 Coordinates for the DMA and Air Force GPS Tracking Sites
Everett Swift, Naval Surface Warfare Center 285-292


SPACECRAFT ORBIT AND ATTITUDE DETERMINATION (also see Attitude Determination)

GPS Orbit Determination In the Presence of Selective Availability for The Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer
Kenn Gold, Angie Reichert, and Dr. George Born, University of Colorado;
Dr. Willy Bertiger, Dr. Sien Wu, and Dr. Tom Yunck, Jet Propulsion Lab 1191-1199
A Precision Best Estimated Trajectory Reconstruction for GPS Users
Dr. Young Park, McDonnell Douglas Aerospace; Moses Montez, NASA Johnson Space Center 1201-1209
Flight Data Analysis of OREX Onboard GPS Receiver
Hiroshi Tomfta, Hideto Suzuki, and Shuichi Matsumoto, National Space Development Agency of Japan;
Masatoshi Harigae, National Aerospace Laboratory; Atsushi ltsukaichi,
Hiroaki Maeda, and Tomoyuki Miyano, TOSHIBA Corporation 1211-1220
Orbit Determination Techniques for GPS Tracking of Low Altitude Satellites
George Davis, Dr. John Ries, Dr. Hyung Rim, Dr. Bob Schutz, and Dr. Byron Tapley,
The University of Texas Center for Space Research 1221-1231
Pre-Flight Testing of the SPARTAN GADACS Experiment
Frank Bauer, E. Ughtsey, J. McCullough, J. O’Donnell, & A. Schnurr, NASA GSFC;
B. Class, L. Jackson, and S. Leiter, Orbital Sciences Corporation 1233-1241
GPS Attitude and Orbit Determination for Space
Kurt Brock, Rich Fuller, Dr. Sun Hur-Diaz, and Dr. J. Redden, Space Systems/LORAL 1243-1250
An Integrated GPS Attitude Determination System for JAWSAT
Bruce Chesley and Dr. Penina Axelrad, University of Colorado 1251-1261
GPS On-board System for Orbit Determination of CESAR Satellite
Janusz Zielinskik POLSPACE Ltd.; Pitor Fraczyk, NAVI Ltd; Jan Kazmiersld, Institute of Aviation;
Milena Rutkowska, Space Research Center PAS 1263-1266
Development of a GPS Receiver for Reliable Real-Time Attitude Determination in Space
E. Glenn Ughtsey, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center;
Dr. Clark Cohen and Dr. Bradford Parkinson, Stanford University 1677-1684
A Low Cost Spacecraft Receiver For Orbit and Attitude Determination
Thomas Clark, Doug Vamey, and Frank Bauer, NASA Goddard Space Right Center & AMSAT 1711-1718
A Study of Error Sources Relating to Test and Development of
GPS Receivers for Attitude Sensing in Low Earth Orbit
Peter Boufton, Northern Telecom Europe Ltd. 1727-1735


SPACECRAFT USER EQUIPMENT

Considerations for The Application of GPS In Satellites: GPS System Trade Study
James Kronman and Dr. Thomas McElroy, TRW, Inc. 1685-1692
Differential Carrier Phase GPS Techniques for Space Vehicle Rendezvous
Kurt Zimmerman and Dr. Robert Cannon, Jr., Stanford University 1693-1700

Design, Integration, and Test of a GPS Receiver on an Inertially Pointed Satellite: A Case Study
Skip Cubbedge and Dr. Terry Higbee, Ball Aerospace 1701-1710
GPS for Orbit and Attitude Determination: Hardware Design and
Qualification Plan for a Spaceborne Receiver
Andrea Sacchetti, LABEN SpA 1719-1725


SURVEY APPLICATIONS

Comparison of Methods for Obtaining Absolute WGS 84 Position in Remote Locations
John Brown, Dr. M. Elizabeth Cannon, and Douglas Roberts, The University of Calgary;
James G. Morgan, Chevron Petroleum Technology Company, Inc. 51-60
The Use of Continuous GPS Tracking for Deformation Studies In Southwestern British Columbia
Dr. Herb Dragert & Michael Schmidt, Geological Survey of Canada;
Xin Chen, University of New Brunswick 97-103
Real-Time Rapid-Static and Kinematic Surveying at the Centimeter Level and Below
Andreas Mathes and Michail Gianniou, Institute of Physical Geodesy 105-113
On the Spectrum of the GPS DD-Ambiguities
Dr. Peter Teunissen, Paul de Jonge, and Christiaan Tiberius, Delft University of Technology 115-124
Acceptance of Real-Time Kinematic by the Professional Surveyor
Timo Allison, Peter Griffioen, and Nicholas Talbot, Trimble Navigation 329-337
A Comparison of Geodetic Receivers Under A-S Conditions Survey of Baselines
Piet Sluiter, Consultant; Jeroen Zomerdijk, Ministry of Transport; George Husti, TU DeIft 339-351
Calibration of Multipath Errors on GPS Pseudorange Measurements
Dr. Changdon Kee and Dr. Bradford Parkinson, Stanford University 353-362
Comparison of Several AROF Kinematic Techniques
Ronald Hatch, GPS Consultant; Dr. Hans-Juergen Euler, Leica AG 363-370
Determining Deflection of the Vertical with GPS
Edward Mogilevsky and Yosef Melzer, Survey of Israel 371-374
Earthquake Research Yields Manhour-Efficient Point with Millimeter Precision
Dr. Andrea Donnellan and Dr. Kenneth Hurst, Jet Propulsion Laboratory;
Carl Carter and Patricia Romanowski, Allen Osbourne Associates 375-381
GPS Results are Consistent with VLBI
Dr. John Gipson, Jim Ryan, Edwin Himwich, and Dr. Tom Clark, Goddard Space Flight Center 383-390
Geodynamic GPS EXTENDED SAGET Network in Central Europe
Dr. Janusz Sledzinski, Warsaw University of Technology 391-398
A Batch Least Squares Implementation for Estimating Autonomous GPS Point Positions
Annabelle Colestock, Applied Research Lab, University of Texas 399-404
Real-time On-the-Fly Ambiguity Resolution Over Short Baselines In the Presence of Anti-Spoofing
Ming Yang, Clyde Goad, and Burkhard Schaffrin, Ohio State University 519-525
Analyses of Continuous GPS Data from the Western Canada Deformation Array
Xin Chen, University of New Brunswick 1339-1348
Geometric Information Content in Positioning with GPS
Da Kuang, The University of Texas at Austin 1367-1374


TESTING AND SIMULATION

Real Time, Multiple Model Simulator Laboratory for GPS Related System Testing
1Lt. Kevin Payne, 46th GTS, Holloman AFB; Rick Kurtz, TRW 729-736
Testing Differential GPS Using Satellite Signal Generators
Marvin May and Joe Weiss, NRaD; John Haiges, Galaxy 737-746
Examination of a Distributed Architecture GPS Simulation Test Bed
Kevin Baritrop and Bryant Elrod, Stanford Telecom 747-754
The CIGTF High Accuracy Post-Processing Reference System (CHAPS)
Capt. Britt Snodgrass and Capt. John Raquet, 46th GTS, Holloman AFB 755-763

GPS Based TSPI for DOD Ranges RAJPO HDIS Test Results
Samuel Burkett, Ill, Mohammed Miran, Dr. Sultan Mahmood, Jeannine Yakaboski, and
Frank Fieldson, Sverdnip Technology, Inc. 765-772
A Kinematic Carrier Phase Tracking System for High Precision Trajectory Determination
Dr. Wang Tang, Dale Tudey, Gene Howell, ARINC; Linda Wilkinson, Hughes Aircraft Company 783-789
Near Real Time GPS Simulator Integrated with the Manned Flight Simulator
Christopher Bartone and Frederick Ventrone, Jr., NAWC-AD; Gary Green, Pacer Systems, Inc. 791-797
Initial Report of Activities of the GPS Test Standardization Working Group
Stewart Teasley, Rockwell; Darwin Abby, Intermetrics 799-804


UNIQUE APPLICATIONS

A Novel Use of GPS for Determining the Orbit of a Geosynchronous Satellite:
The TDRS/GPS Tracking Demonstration
Dr. Bruce Haines, Dr. Stephen Lichten, Ronald Muellerschoen, Don Spitzmesser, Jeffrey
Srinivasan, Scott Stephens, & Dr. Lawrence Young, Jet Propulsion Laboratory;
Dr. Dennis Sweeney, Virginia Tech 191-202
Electronic Toll Collection Based on GPS - Experiences With the MANNESMANN Project ROBIN
Dr. Uwe Albrecht, Andreas Widl, and Gunther Weber, Mannesmann Piloteniwicklung 205-209
An Application of On-The-Fly Kinematic GPS to an Airborne Laser Terrain Profiling & Imaging System
Morgan Reed, Dr. Danusz Lapucha, Kenneth Werther, Jr., and
Larry Rosenbalm, John E. Chance & Associates, Inc. 211-219
The Use of GPS Buoys to Calibrate Altimetric Satellites
Mike Park, George Born, Penny Axelrad, Kenn Gold, Kevin Key, and Dan Kubitshek, University of Colorado;
Tom Kelecy and Jimmy LaMance, NAVSYS Corporation; Chris Rocken and Jim Johnson, UNAVCO;
E.J. Christensen, Jet Propulsion Lab; Richard Eanes, University of Texas at Austin 221-230
Solving the 9-1-1 Mapping Problem with GPS
Keith Cunningham, Spatial Data Research/Sokkia Technology 231-235
Multisensor GPS-Based Recreational Trail Mapping
Dr. James Wolper, Dr. Shamim Mohamed, Idaho State University; Stoney Burt, & Ron Young, AMI, Inc. 237-244
The GPS Burst Detector W-Sensor
Dr. Dennis McCrady, ITT A/CD; Paul Phipps, Sandia National Laboratories 245-250
Evaluation of GPS Performance in Mobiflex Alarm, a Vehicle Location System
Roger Bengtsson, Telia Research AB 251-258


USER EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGY

Extending Narrow-Correlator Technology to P(Y)-Code Receivers: Benefits and Issues
Steven Karels and Thomas Macdonald, TASC; Dr. Mats Viggh, Transmission Lines, Inc.;
Robert Balla, Ground Based Radar Project Office 127-132
C/A Code Pseudoranging Accuracy - How Good Can It Get?
Dr. Lawrence Weill, Magellan Systems Corporation & California State University, Fullerton 133-14 1
Implications of "Z" Technology for Civilian Positioning
Dr. Sergei Gourevitch, Ashtech Inc 149-155
Position Accuracy Improvement Using Fuzzy Processing on GPS Data
Dr. Kazunobu Koremura, Michihiro Asakura, & Chiaki Matsumoto, Electronic Navigation Research Inst. 165-172
Software Considerations for the Interrupted Data Acquisition Receiver
Gerald Whitworth, Navstar Systems Ltd. 173-178


WIDE AREA AUGMENTATION SYSTEM (WAAS)

Simulation-Based Evaluation of WAAS Performance: Risk and Integrity Factors
Sam Pullen, Dr. Per Enge, and Dr. Bradford Parkinson, Stanford University 975-983
The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) Signal Specification
Dr. A. J. Van Dierendonck, AJ Systems; Dr. Per Enge, Stanford University 985-994

European Complement to GPS: Main Experimental Results
Jacques Barbier, Muriel Deleuze, Jean-Luc Issler, Dominique Bergès, Michel Brunet, Jean-François
Dutrey, Jean-Paul Lefèvre, Norbert Suard, Thierry Trémas, Robert Tribes, and Clet Yven, CNES;
Isabelle Escané, Sema-Gmup; Dr. Pierre Uhrich, Dr. Bertrand Juampan, Georges Freon, Raymond
Tourde, and Pascal Blonde, LPTF 995-1005
Communication Satellite Augmented GPS Payload Architecture
M. Aparicio, P. Brodie, and J. Rajan, ITT A/CD; A. Sung, CNI Systems 1007-1016
ACC-Q-POINT FM Subcarrier WADGPS
James McLellan and Mohamed Abousalem, Pulsearch Navigation Systems, Inc.;
Ed Whatley, CUE Network Corporation; Dr. Paul Galyean, Leica Inc. 1017-1024
Global Corrections for GPS
James Robbins, Trimble Navigation 1025-1033
Performance Comparison of Two Methods of Multiple Reference Stations DGPS
Richard Barker and Dr. Dariusz Lapucha, John E. Chance & Associates, Inc. 1035-1041
FAA’s Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) Initial Results of Cross-Country Flight Test
Victor Wullschleger and Ruben Velez, FAA Technical Center;
Rob Butler and Adrio Toucer, Transport Canada Aviation;
Mark Dimeo, SAIC; Robert Loh, Innovative Solutions International 1527-1535
Flight Trials of the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)
Dr. Todd Walter, Dr. Changdon Kee, Yi-Chung Chao, Yeou-Jyh Tsai, Dr. Uri Peled, Juan Ceva,
Andrew Barrows, Eric Abbot, Dr. J. David Powell, Dr. Per Enge, and Dr. Bradford Parkinson,
Stanford University 1537-1546
FAA’s Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) Test Concepts for Early Implementation
Robert Till & William Wanner, FAA Technical Center; Robert Loh, Innovative Solutions International 773-781