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ION Proceedings


1993 National Technical Meeting Proceedings
"Evolution Through Integration of Current and Emerging Systems"

January 20-22, 1993
Parc Fifty Five Hotel - San Francisco, CA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SESSION 1: WHAT’S AHEAD IN INTEGRATED NAVIGATION AND POSITIONING?
Chair: Dr. James Farrell, Navaide
Co-Chair: Dr. Patrick Hwang, Rockwell International


Results of a DGPS/GLONASS/INS Flight Test Program,
Dr. Wolfgang Lechner, Avionics Center Braunschweig; Rolf Jeske, Aerodata Flugmesstechnik GmbH;
Stefan Vieweg, Technical University Brassnschweig 3-10
A Dual Inertial Integrated Navigation System,
Christopher McMillan & Jeffery S. Bird, Defence Research Establishment Ottawa;
Dale A.G. Arden, Computing Concepts Ltd. 11-20
Integration of GPS with Dead-Reckoning and Map Matching for Vehicular Navigation,
Richard F. Poppen & Darrell L. Mathis, Etak. Inc. 21-24
The 3S Navigation R-100 Family of Integrated GPS/GLONASS Receivers: Description and
Performance Results,
Dr. Jacques Beser & James Danaher, 3S Navigation 25-46
Assessment of Integration Options for GPS Equipped Weapons During Host Vehicle Captive Carriage,
James Campanile & Bereket Tanju, Naval Command, Control & Ocean Surveillance Center 47-54
Integrated Marine Navigation Systems of the Future,
Dr. Lee Alexander & Joseph W. Spalding, USCG R&D Center 55-60
Integrated DGPS/Inertial TSPI for DoD Ranges: RAJPO Equipment Test Results,
Dr. Sultan Mahmood, Sverdrup Technology; Charles Simpson, RAJPO, Eglin AFB 61-68
Availability Characteristics of GPS and Augmentation Alternatives,
Woody S. Phiong & Dr. Bryant D. Elrod, Stanford Telecommunications, Inc. 69-80

SESSION 2: SPACE AND AIRCRAFT NAVIGATION
Chair: Dr. Penina Axelrad, University of Colorado at Boulder
Co-Chair: Ms. Penny Saunders, NASA Johnson Space Flight Center

A GPS Relative Navigation Filter for Rendezvous with the Space Station Freedom,
Dr. Jorge I. Galdos, Dr. Triveni N. Upadhyay, Mayflower Communications Co., Inc.;
A. Wayne Deaton & James J. Lomas, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center 83-94
The DORIS System,
Patrick C. Agnieray, CNES 95-98
Demonstration Project DGPS - A Coordinated R&D Effort of the German Space Agency DARA,
Dr. Wolfgang Lechner, Avionics Center Braunschweig 99-102
Providing Highly Accurate Velocity Data for an Airborne Platform Using Differential GPS
Velocity Corrections from a Non-Surveyed Reference Receiver,
Randal C. Galijan & James Y. Gilkey, SRI International 103-112
A Review of the Interference Resistance of SPS GPS Receivers for Aviation,
John LR. Owen, Defence Research Agency 113-120
Improved Modeling of GPS Selective Availability,
Dr. Michael S. Braasch, Ann Marie Fink & Keith Duffus, Ohio University 121-130
Including Deltarange Measurements in GPS-Aided Navigation Systems,
Dr. Ralph E. Bach, Russell A. Paielli, B. David McNally & David N. Warner, NASA, Ames Research Center 131-142

SESSION 3: VEHICULAR NAVIGATION: ON AND OFF ROAD
Chair: Dr. Edward Krakiwsky, The University of Calgary
Co-Chair: Mr. Clyde Harris, Motorola


Low Cost Dead Reckoning Sensors,
Dr. Alan C. Phillips, Etak, Inc. 145-150
Radio Signal Direction Finding in the Urban Radio Environment,
Richard W. Klukas & Dr. Michel Fattouche, The University of Calgary and TR Labs 151-160
Dead Reckoning Navigation (DRN) Assistance for GPS Based AVL Systems,
Michael S.K. Sushko, Kensington & Icknield, Ltd. 161-170
Self-Correcting Differential Global Positioning System,
Randal A. Schreiber & Dr. Philip S. Noe, Texas A&M University 171-178
Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) Communication Methods for DGPS Based Systems,
Michael S.K. Sushko, Kensington & lcknield, Ltd. 179-194
User Interface Design for Route Guidance,
Aaron Marcus, Aaron Marcus and Associates 195-202
Bifurcation of Pseudorange Equations,
James W. Chaffee, Arrowsmith Technologies, Inc.; Jonathon S. Abel, Abel Innovations 203-212

SESSION 4: MARINE NAVIGATION AND HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY
Chair: Mr. James Morgan, Chevron Geosciences Co.
Co-Chair: CDR Douglas Alsip, USCG Headquarters


Performance Requirements for the Coast Guard’s Differential GPS Service,
Paul M. Creamer, TASC; CDR Douglas H. Alsip & LTJG John P. Radziszewski, USCG 215-224
Human Factors Analysis of Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS),
Irene M. Gonin & Dr. Myriam W. Smith, U.S. Coast Guard R&D Center; Robin Akerstrom-Hoffman,
Dr. Steven Siegel and Carmine M. Pizzariello, Marine Safety International/CADRF 225-232
Performing Precise, Seamless Hydrographic Surveys over Extended Areas Through Use of
Integrated DGPS Reference Networks,
L. Harold Spradley, GPS Technology Corporation 233-240
Precise Marine DGPS Positioning Using P Code and High Performance C/A Code Technologies,
Dr. Gerard Lachapelle, Congyu Liu, Gang Lu, Dr. M. Elizabeth Cannon & B. Townsend,
The University of Calgary, R. Hare, Canadian Hydrographic Service 241-250
Attitude Determination in a Survey Launch Using Multi-Antenna GPS Technology,
Gang Lu, Dr. Gerard Lachapelle & Dr. M. Elizabeth Cannon, The University of Calgary; Peter Kielland,
Canadian Hydrographic Service 251-260
Technical Considerations for Long Range DGPS,
Gordon T. Johnston & Peter J. Daly, Racal Survey Ltd. 261-272

SESSION 5: INERTIAL TECHNOLOGY: SENSORS, SYSTEMS AND NEW APPLICATIONS
Chair: Mr. John Weyrauch, Honeywell Systems and Research Center
Co-Chair: Dr. James Huddle, litton Guidance and Control Systems


Evaluation of the World’s Smallest Integrated Embedded GPS/INS, the H-764G,
David C. Moya & Joseph J. Elchynski, Honeywell Military Avionics Division 275-286
Litton’s LN-1006: A Small Embedded GPS Inertial Navigation Unit,
William M. Johnnie, Litton Guidance & Control Systems 287-294
Test and Evaluation of Embedded GPS Systems,
David A. Nelthropp & Bereket Tanju, Naval Command, Control and Ocean Surveillance Center 295-304
Litton’s LN-93G: The Production Embedded GPS/lnertial System,
Ron F. Cox & Teri M. Rockey, Litton Guidance & Control Systems, Inc. 305-314
Guidance and Navigation of the F-117A Nighthawk,
Donald L. Coutant & John C. Wacker, Honeywell Military Avionics Division 315-324

Operational Issues for GPS Aided Precision Missiles,
Dr. Gerald P. Frost & Dr. Bernard P. Schweitzer, RAND 325-338
An Overview of Dynamic and Stochastic Modeling of Gyros,
George W. Erickson, Sperry Marine Inc. 339-352
Miniature IMU Based on Micro-machined Coriolis Sensors,
Rand H. Hulsing II & Douglas C. MacGugan , Sundstrand Data Control 353-360

SESSION 6: HIGH PRECISION REAL-TIME DIFFERENTIAL GPS
Chair: Mr. Ronald Hatch, Magnavox Research Lab
Co-Chair: Ms. Sally L. Frodge, U.S. Army Topographic Engineering Center


Ground Station Siting Consideration for DGPS,
James D. Waid, Ohio University 363-374
Design and Testing of the ARINC Veracious Differential Reference Station,
Karl L. Kovach & Patricia A. Alexander, ARlNC Research Corporation 375-388
The Advanced Communications Technology Satellite for a Differential Global Positioning System,
Andrew S. Austin & Sally L. Frodge, US. Army Topographic Engineer Center; Mark Plecity,
NASA Lewis Research Ctr.; and Roger P. Dendy, Analex Corporation 389-398
Real-Time Kinematic: The Next Surveying Tool,
Peter A. Griffioen, Dr. Timo Allison & Scott Dreier, Trimble Navigation Ltd. 399-408
Real-Time Differential GPS with 20 to 50 cm Accuracies,
L. Harold Spradley, GPS Technology Corporation 409-414
Flight Testing and Evaluation of Wide Area Differential GPS,
Marie E. Lage & Dr. Bryant D. Elrod, Stanford Telecommunication, Inc. 415-424
A Status Report on the Development of Minimum Aviation System Performance Standard (MASPS)
for a GNSS-Based Special Category I (SCAT-I) Precision Approach System,
Keith McDonald, Chairman & George T. Ligler, Vice Chairman, RTCA SCAT-I MASPS Team 425-426

SESSION 7: INTEGRATED SYSTEMS: AVAILABILITY AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
Chair: Dr. Per Enge, Stanford University
Co-Chair: Dr. Bahar Uttam, Synetics Corporation


Availability Estimates for GNSS,
Dr. Walter A. Poor, The MITRE Corporation 429-438
Closed Form Unavailability Approximations for GNSS Satellite Navigation and RAIM Functions,
Curtis A. Shively, The MITRE Corporation 439-448
The Potential of Loran-C Stations as GNSS Monitoring Sites,
CDR George T. Gunther, USCG Omega Navigation Systems Center 449-458
Susceptibility of Inmarsat Navigation Payloads to Jamming and Spooling: Fact or (Science) Fiction?,
George V. Kinal and A.J. Van Dierendonck, Inmarsat 459-468
Performance Enhanced Navigation Using Neural Network Technology,
Dr. Barry Griffiths & Anne Orlando, Synetics Corporation; Sandra Berning, Wright Laboratory 469-478
Neural Networks: A Practical Solutions for Database Integrity,
Anastasios C. Daskalakis & Franklin D. MacKenzie, Dept. of Transportation, Volpe Center;
Thomas W. Ryan, Science Applications International Corporation 479-484
The FAA Wide Area Differential GPS (WADGPS) Static Ionospheric Experiment,
Dr. M. Bakry El-Arini, Patricia A. O’Donnell & Paul M. Kellam, The MITRE Corporation; John A. Klobachar,
Air Force Phillips Laboratory; Thomas C. Wisser, FAA Technical Center; Patricia H. Doherty, Boston College 485-496
GAIM - Ground Augmented Integrity Monitoring for GPS,
Marie E. Lage & Dr. Bryant D. Elrod, Stanford Telecommunication, Inc. 497-506

SESSION 8: POINTING AND POSITIONING FOR SURVEY AND GIS
Chair: Dr. Gerard Lachapelle, The University of Calgary
Co-Chair: Mr. Robert French, R.L. French and Associates


The Coordinated Implementation of a Differential Global Positioning System Along the Lower Mississippi River,
Leonard P. Halphen, U.S. Army Corps of Engineer 509-518
Instrumentation Design and Analysis for Balloon-Borne Gravimetry and Attitude
Determination Using GPS and INS,
Thomas F. Doyle, Dr. Peter Nicolaides & Dr. Jorge I. Galdos, Mayflower Communications Co.;
Dr. Christopher Jekeli, Phillips Laboratory, Hanscom AFB 519-534
Attitude Accuracy Obtainable from Asynchronous GPS Receivers in Real- time,
T.N. Upadhyay, J. Galdos & L Sheet, Mayflower Comm. Co.; C. Jekeli, Phillips Laboratory *
Analysis of DGPS MSK Receivers in a Non-Gaussian Noise Environment,
Benjamin Peterson, Keith Gross, Eric Chamberlin & Gregory Czerwonka, USCG Academy;
William Jones, USCG R&D Center 535-544
WGS-84 - SGS-85 Transformation: Interim Results,
P. Misra, R. Abbot & E. Bayliss, MIT Lincoln Laboratory *
Route Guidance Technology for Automatic GIS Database Maintenance,
Clay Collier, SEI Information Technology; Donald R. Sweemam, Navigation Technologies 545-552
Loran-C TD Calibration in the Lower St. Lawrence Area Using a Mobile DGPS System,
Dr. Gerard Lachapelle, B. Townsend & D. Chen, The University of Calgary; D. Hains,
Canadian Hydrographic Service 553-560
GPS for Precision Hydrographics On Site Error Detection,
Harold L.S. Odom, Pybunz & Odom, Inc. 561-566

SESSION 9: NEW GPS TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS
Chair: Mr. Walter Melton, Trimble Navigation
Co-Chair: Mr. Kurt Maynard, John E. Chance and Associates


Dynamic GPS Attitude Determining System (ADS) for Marine Applications, Concept Design
and Developmental Test Results,
Debra L. Deifes, Leopold C. Fan & Charles E. Rodgers, Adroit Systems. Inc. 569-578
Flight Tests of Attitude Determination Using GPS Compared Against an Inertial Measurement Unit,
Dr. Clark E. Cohen & Dr. Bradford W. Parkinson, Stanford University, B. David McNally,
NASA Ames Research Center 579-588
The Micro-Miniaturization of the Motorola Global Positioning System Receiver Using Multichip Modules,
Pat Zabinski, Mark Vickberg & Dr. Barry Gilbert, Mayo Foundation; David Yee, Ted Keller & Darren Weninger,
Motorola Government Electronics Group 589-594
A Hand-Held GPS Personal Navigator Using a National Page and Grid Mapping Publication,
A. Woo, Trimble Navigation; G. Jansma, Thomas Bros. Maps *
Integration of DGPS Correction Message on an X-Band Ranging System,
Tony W. Wong, Patrick H. Hennessey & Kumar B.A. Babu, Del Norte Technology Inc. 595-604
The Feasibility of Using Small, Low-Cost Satellites (Econosats) as an Augmentation to GNSS and
as an Eventual Fully Capable GNSS,
Keith McDonald & Jim Nussbaum, Sat Tech Systems, Inc. 605-612
An Assessment of GPS Receiver Performance in the Presence of A-S,
Mark P. Leach, Mike A. Cardoza & Keith A. Duff, The University of Texas at Austin 613-622
The Analysis of a Design for Measuring Ionospheric Delays in a GPS C/A-code Receiver,
Steven N. Karels, TASC; Dr. Mats E. Viggh, Transmission Lines, Inc. 623-628

AUTHORS INDEX 629

CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS 631

* Manuscript unavailable for publishing