2002 NATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING PROCEEDINGS
Integrating Technology
January 28-30, 2002
Catamaran Resort Hotel - San Diego, California
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PLENARY
SESSION
Vulnerability Assessment
J. Carroll, US DOT, Volpe Center, 1
Vulnerability Assessment of the Transportation Infrastructure Relying on
the GPS
H. Shirer, DOT/OST, 19
2001 Federal Radionavigation Plan
H. Shirer, DOT/OST, 23
Department of Defense
R. Swider, DOD/OSD, 32
Development of New GPS Performance Standards
J. Anton, USAF, 48
GPS Modernization Update
J. Clark, The Aerospace Corporation, 63
GPS Constellation Status
J. Anton, USAF, 95
A1: INERTIAL
AND INTEGRATED NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 1
Improving the GPS/INS Integrated System Performance by Increasing the Distance
Between GPS Antennas and Inertial Sensors
J.F. Wagner, Technical University of Hamburg, Institute of Mechanics and Ocean
Engineering, Germany; G. Kasties, OECON GmbH, Germany, 103
Modernization of a High Precision, Heavy Payload Centrifuge
H.A. Stoffel, L.P. Fallon, B.A. Blanchard, C.V. Trainor, C.S. Draper Laboratory,
116
Fusion Filter Algorithm Enhancements for a MEMS GPS/IMU
J.A. Rios, E. White, Crossbow Technology, Inc., 126
WAAS Messages via LORAN Data Communications-Technical Progress Towards Going
Operational
B. Peterson, K. Dykstra, Peterson Integrated Geopositioning, LLC; P. Swaszek,
University of Rhode Island; J.M. Boyer, K.M. Carroll, USCG LORAN Support Unit;
P.R. Johannessen, Megapulse, Inc.; M. Narins, Federal Aviation Administration,
138
Accuracy Improvement of Low Cost INS/GPS for Land Applications
E.H. Shin, N. El-Sheimy, The University of Calgary, Canada, 146
FAA Certification of a MEMS Attitude and Heading Reference System
E. White, J.A. Rios, Crossbow Technology, Inc., 158
A2: MODELING,
SIMULATION AND TESTING
GIANT's Mission Planning Role
G. Gerten, B. Hulbert, Veridian Engineering, 170
An Automated Tool for Mission Planning in GPS-Denied Areas
M. Grace, P. Stieber, Toyon Research Corporation; S. Minarik, B. Tanju, F. Escobar,
U.S. Navy Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command, 176
A Statistical Analysis of Lateral GPS-Guided Category A and B Aircraft Final
Approach Errors
D.P. Stapleton, Innovative Solutions International (ISI); M. Monroney, Aeronautical
Center, 181
Degraded GPS Signal Measurements with a Stand-Alone High Sensitivity Receiver
G. MacGougan, G. Lachapelle, R. Klukas, K. Siu, The University of Calgary, Canada;
L. Garin, J. Shewfelt, G. Cox, SiRF Technology Inc., 191
The Analysis of the Ratio Between VDOP and HDOP
Y.H. Tsai, J.S. Lin, F.R. Chang, L.S. Wang, National Taiwan University, Taiwan,
205
New Approach to Airborne Software Verification Using Real-Time Emulator of
Integrated Navigation System
A.P. Kolevatov, S.G. Nikolaev, Perm State Technical University, Russia; V.P.
Buturlakin, V.S. Ermakov, D.A. Dunaev, I.I. Nesterov, I.V. Fedorov, Perm Scientific
&
Industrial Instrument Making Company, Russia, 212
The Evaluation to ARPA Information in the Effect of Fluctuating Target Positions
K. Murai, Kobe University of Mercantile Marine and Osaka University, Japan;
Y. Hayashi, Kobe University of Mercantile Marine, Japan; S. Inokuchi, Osaka
University, Japan, 218
A3: RECEIVER
AND ANTENNA TECHNOLOGY 1
Low-Cost GPS Receivers and Their Feasibility for Attitude Determination
V.A. Hoyle, G. Lachapelle, M.E. Cannon, C. Wang, The University of Calgary,
Canada, 226
Worst-Case Analysis of a 3-Frequency Receiver to Land a General Aviation
Airplane
S.S. Jan, D. Gebre-Egziabher, T. Walter, P. Enge, Stanford University, 235
A Novel GPS Initial Synchronization Scheme using Decomposed Differential
Matched Filter
S.H. Park, Chungnam National University & NAVICOM Co., Ltd, Korea; I.H.
Choi, S.J. Lee, Chungnam National University, Korea; Y.B. Kim, NAVICOM Co.,
Ltd., Korea, 246
Satellite Acquisition for a Strike Missile Under Jamming and Time Initialization
Constraints
C. Behre, R. Ornedo, G. Rogeness, T. Moore, Raytheon Electronic Systems, 254
An Efficient GPS Receiver Algorithm for Channelwise Multipath Detection and
Real-Time Positioning
H.K. Lee, J.G. Lee, Seoul National University, Korea; G.I. Jee, Konkuk University,
Korea, 265
Open Architecture Development System for Advanced Navigational Systems
A. Jovancevic, A. Brown, S. Ganguly, M. Kirchner, S. Zigic, Center for Remote
Sensing, Inc., 277
B1: INERTIAL
AND INTEGRATED NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 2
Successful Flight Test of a GPS and Radar Aided Inertial Navigation System
J.L. Anders, C. Johnson, A.M. Luckau, T.A. Moore, R.S. Ornedo, Raytheon Electronic
System, 289
Integrated Accelerometer/GPS Heading Estimator
F.T. Huang, L.S. Wang, F.R. Chang, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, 294
Robust Rapid Transfer Alignment with an INS/GPS Reference
P.D. Groves, G.G. Wilson, C.J. Mather, QinetiQ ltd, UK, 301
Integration of Satellite and Cellular Positioning Technologies
R. Chen, Finnish Geodetic Institute, Finland, 312
H-764GU EGI: Upgrade Path for GATM and CNS/ATM Interoperability
J. Elchynski, B.E. Fly, Honeywell International, 322
Mitigation of Commutation and Sculling Errors by Frequency Domain Development
of INS Algorithmic Part
A. Soloviev, F. van Graas, Ohio University, 330
B2: AUGMENTATION
FOR LAND & MARINE
Smart Government: Collaborative Use of Coast Guard Differential GPS Broadcast
Sites
D.B. Wolfe, C.L. Judy, A.B. Kritz, J.A. Chop, United States Coast Guard Command
and Control Engineering Center, 339
The Future Development of Maritime Differential GNSS
N. Ward, Trinity House Lighthouse Service, UK, 349
Co-Locating DGPS and Loran Transmitters
D.B. Wolfe, J.L. Hartline, M.W. Parsons, United States Coast Guard Command and
Control Engineering Center; M.E. McKaughan, H.L. McCarter, United States Coast
Guard Academy; C.A. Schue, III, W R Systems, 352
Understanding and Predicting the Availabilities of Radiobeacon DGNSS Systems
A. Grant, D. Last, University of Wales, UK; N. Ward, Trinity House Lighthouse
Services, UK, 362
Directional Signal Strength Sensor for Differential GPS Beacons
K. Gross, M. McKaughan, R. Hartnett, L. Hartshorn, D. Everette, C. Armstrong,
U.S. Coast Guard Academy, 370
User Equipment Based RAAS Experimentation
T. Willems, M. Brondeel, A. De Wulf, Ghent University, Belgium; A. Muls, Royal
Military Academy, Belgium, 376
Analysis of Reference Antenna Motion on the JPALS Shipboard Integrity Monitor
M. Koenig, D. Gebre-Egziabher, S. Pullen, U.S. Kim, P. Enge, Stanford University;
B.S. Pervan, F.C. Chan, Illinois Institute of Technology; G. Colby, Naval Air
Systems Command, 382
B3: RECEIVER
AND ANTENNA TECHNOLOGY 2
Performance of DSP-Loran/H-field Antenna System and Implications for Complementing
GPS
G.L. Roth, D.J. Gervasi, J.L. Jacoby, P.W. Schick, C.A. Schweitzer, J.L. Schliem,
Locus, Inc., 390
Test Results of a Dual Frequency (L1/L2) Small Controlled Reception Pattern
Antenna
H-W Tseng, R. Kurtz, A. Brown, NAVSYS Corporation; D. Nathans, F. Pahr, SPAWAR
Systems Center, 401
Robust Beamforming in GPS Arrays
R.G. Lorenz, Stanford University and Thales Navigation; S.P. Boyd, Stanford.
University, 409
Digital Down Converter (DDC) H-Field Loran-C Navigation Receiver: Performance
Analysis, Flight Test Update, and GPS/WAAS Integration
R.J. Hartnett, K.C. Gross, G.J. Czerwonka, H.H. Holland, Jr., U.S. Coast Guard
Academy; M. Narins, Federal Aviation Administration; C.A. Oates, G. Sanders,
G.T. Gunther,
K.U. Dykstra, D. Larson, Anteon Corporation, 428
A Study of a Blind “Adaptive” Algorithm in the Time and Frequency
Domain
I.F. Progri, W.R. Michalson, M. Bromberg, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 439
Artificial Magnetic Conductor Technology Reduces Size and Weight for Precision
GPS Antennas
W.E. McKinzie,III, R. Hurtado, W. Klimczak, e-tenna Corporation, 448
C1: INFORMATION
INFRASTRUCTURE FOR NAVIGATION
A New Ionospheric Model for Wide Area Differential GPS: The Multiple Shell
Approach
A. Komjathy, B.D. Wilson, T.F. Runge, B.M. Boulat, A.J. Mannucci, L. Sparks,
M.J. Reyes, California Institute of Technology, 460
RSIM-Based Integrity Monitoring for DGNSS
P.B.Ober, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands, 467
A Low-Cost Portable Mobile Mapping System Integrating GPS, Attitude Sensors,
and a Digital Camera
N. El-Sheimy, C. Ellum, The University of Calgary, Canada, 474
Digital GPS Translator System for High Dynamic Test Vehicles
I.K. Park, S.H. Park, S.H. Kim, Y.B. Kim; Navicom Co., Ltd. Korea; S.M. Kang,
Agency for Defense Development, Korea; S.J. Lee, Chungnam National University,
Korea, 483
Intelligent Waterway System and the Waterway Information Network
J.W. Spalding, K.M. Shea, U.S. Coast Guard Research & Development Center;
M.J. Lewandowski, Potomac Management Group, 487
Elements of Semantic Web Infrastructure for Maritime Information
R. Malyankar, Arizona State University, 496
C2: AUGMENTATION
FOR AVIATION
Certification and Operational Performance of GPS-Based Landing Systems
D.A. Stratton, C. Douglas, R. Gollnick, Rockwell Collins Inc.; R. Cole, Federal
Express, Inc., 507
The Effects of Aircraft Overflights on GPS Measurements
L. Marti, F. van Graas, J. Kelly, Ohio University, 516
Using WAAS Ionospheric Data to Estimate LAAS Short Baseline Gradients
S. Datta-Barua, T. Walter, S. Pullen, M. Luo, J. Blanch, P. Enge, Stanford University,
523
Gaussian and Mixed Gaussian Methods of LAAS Overbounding
C. Varner, The MITRE Corporation, 531
Approaching Nice with the EGNOS System Test Bed
S. Soley, R. Farnworth, E. Breeuwer, EATMP GNSS Programme EUROCONTROL Experimental
Centre, France, 539
Global Positioning System/Wide Area Augmentation System (GPS/WAAS) Final
Approach Error Analysis
D.P. Stapleton, Innovative Solutions International (ISI); M. Monroney, Aeronautical
Center, 551
C3: INNOVATIVE
APPLICATIONS
An Improved Solution Algorithm for Self-Calibrating Pseudolite Arrays
E.A. LeMaster, S.M. Rock, Stanford University, 562
Autonomous Navigation and Control of Miniature Vehicle using Indoor Navigation
System
C. Kee, D. Yun, H. Jun, Seoul National University, Korea, 573
Theory of Indoor GPS by Using Reradiated GPS Signal
H. Isshiki, T. Sugiyama, H. Yasuda, A. Uchiyama, Pegasusnet Corporation, Japan;
T. Saito, Teruya Corporation, Japan; T. Hujino, T. Nanbu, H. Iwahashi, T. Kimura,
The Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc., Japan, 587
High Accuracy Autonomous Image Georeferencing Using a GPS/Inertial-Aided
Digital Imaging System
D. Sullivan, A. Brown, NAVSYS Corporation, 598
ARD GPS Post-Flight Analysis
A. Jaupitre, G. Moreau, B. Frapard, C. Cougnet, ASTRIUM SAS, France, 604
Flight Performance Evaluation of Three GPS Receivers for Sounding Rocket
Tracking
B. Bull, NASA/GSFC; J. Diehl, Northrup Grumman IT; O. Montenbruck, M. Markgraf,
DLR, German Space Operations Center, Germany, 614
D1: ALGORITHMS
AND METHODS
Candidate Designs for an Additional Civil Signal in GPS Spectral Bands
J.W. Betz, The MITRE Corporation; D.B. Goldstein, GPS Joint Program Office,
622
Sequential Processing of Integrated Measurements in a Generalized Kalman
Filter
D. Hartman, Science and Applied Technology, Inc., 632
Analysis Performed in Support of the Ad-Hoc Working Group of RTCA SC-159
on RAIM/FDE Issues
Y.C. Lee, MITRE/Center for Advanced Aviation System Development; K.L. Van Dyke,
Department of Transportation/Volpe Center, 639
A Comparison Between the Recursive Cholesky and MGSO Algorithms
I.F. Progri, W.R. Michalson, M. Bromberg, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 655
Moving Average Filters for Faster GPS Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring
Y.H. Tsai, F.R. Chang, W.C. Yang, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, 666
A Spectral Prony Method for Additive Component with Application to GPS Pseudo-Range
Estimation
D.C.Y. King, Hsiuping Institute of Technology, Taiwan, 676
D2: SCIENTIFIC
APPLICATIONS, TIMING AND FREQUENCY
GPS Receiver Performance Characterization under Simulated Ionospheric Scintillation
Environments II
T.N. Morrissey, K.W. Shallberg, Zeta Associates, Incorporated; A.J. Van Dierendonck,
AJ Systems; T. Kim, The Mitre Corporation; M.J. Nicholson, SPAWAR Systems Center,
682
Assessment of GPS Signal Multipath Interference
S.H. Byun, G.A. Hajj, L.E. Young, California Institute of Technology, 694
Ionospheric Scintillation Monitoring and Mitigation Using Software GPS Receiver
S. Ganguly, A. Jovancevic, A. Brown, M. Kirchner, S. Zigic, Center for Remote
Sensing, Inc.; T. Beach, K.M. Groves, Air Force Research Laboratories, 706
Observation of Ionospheric Scintillation on GPS Signals in Japan
K. Matsunaga, K. Hoshinoo, Electronic Navigation Research Institute, Japan;
K. Igarashi, Communications Research Laboratory, Japan, 713
Application of Spatial Statistics to Ionosphere Estimation for WAAS
J. Blanch, T. Walter, P. Enge, Stanford University, 719
The Significant Contribution of the GPS to Relativity Theory
J.P. Claybourne, 725
D3: SPACE
BASED NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 1
Broadcast vs Precise GPS Ephemerides: A Historical Perspective
D.L.M. Warren, Royal Australian Air Force; J.F. Raquet, United States Air Force,
733
Results of an Investigation into the use of 1175 MH and 1202 MHz for GNSS
signals in European Airspace
J.I.R. Owen, Defence Scientific and Technical Laboratories, UK, 742
Equipping GPS Satellites with Accelerometers and Satellite-to-Satellite Observables
M.E. Ash, The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc., 750
Kinematic Orbit Determination of Low Earth Orbiter using Triple Differences
J.H. Kwon, Sejong University, Korea; D. Grejner-Brzezinska, C.K. Hong, The Ohio
State University, 762
Data Screening and Quality Analysis for Kinematic Orbit Determination of
CHAMP Satellite
T.S. Bae, D. Grejner-Brzezinska, The Ohio State University; J.H. Kwon, Sejong
University, Korea, 771
Receiver Algorithms for the New Civil GPS Signals
M. Tran, C. Hegarty, The MITRE Corporation, 778
E1: NAVIGATION
RELATED STANDARDS
Navigation Standards: An Overview
R.M. Kalafus, Trimble Navigation; S. Bennett, KVH Industries, Inc., 790
NMEA 2000 A Digital Interface for the 21st Century
L.A. Luft, US Coast Guard Research and Development Center; L. Anderson, F. Cassidy,
National Marine Electronics Association, 796
GNSS Standards Development in IEC
L. Allen, USCG Navigation Center, 808
A Proposal of New Correction Data Format for Real-time Kinematic GPS Positioning
J. Kim, C. Kee, Seoul National University, Korea, 854
A Novel Approach for the Use of Information from Reference Station Networks
Conforming to RTCM V2.3 and Future V3.0
B.E. Zebhauser, H.J. Euler, C.R. Keenan, Leica Geosystems AG, Switzerland; G.
Wübbena, Geo++ GmbH, Germany, 863
E2: PRECISE
POSITIONING
Temporal Variability of GPS Error Sources and Their Effect on Relative Positioning
Accuracy
M. Olynik, M.G. Petovello, M.E. Cannon, G. Lachapelle, The University of Calgary,
Canada, 877
Ionosphere Weighted GPS Cycle Ambiguity Resolution
G.C. Liu, G. Lachapelle, The University of Calgary, Canada, 889
Octopus: Four-antennae RTK System. New Attitude Determination Method and
Experimental Results
J. Ashjaee, L. Rapoport, P. Belikov, Javad Navigation Systems, Russia, 900
Robust Positioning with Single Frequency Inertially Aided RTK
B.M. Scherzinger, Applanix Corporation, Canada, 911
Millimeter-level Positioning and Sub-millimeter Profiling of the Holloman
High Speed Sled Track
B.J. Gathright, The University of Texas at Austin; J. White, National Imagery
and Mapping Agency, 918
E3: SPACE
BASED NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 2
“Simulation and Hardware Demonstration of New L2 Civilian GPS Ranging Codes”
P.A. Dafesh, R.T. Bow, M.D. Partridge, T. Fan, The Aerospace Corporation, 925
Predictions and Field Measurements of the GPS Block IIR L1 and L2 Ground
Powers
A. Wu, The Aerospace Corporation, 931
Modeling Maximum Aggregate GPS Signal Power Levels for GPS Self-Interference
Analyses
D.B. Goldstein, U.S. Air Force, GPS Joint Program Office; R. Owen, C.J. Hegarty,
The MITRE Corporation, 939
Current Constellation GPS Satellite Ground Received Signal Power Measurements
C. Edgar, The Aerospace Corporation; D.B. Goldstein, U.S. Air Force; P. Bentley,
SRI International, 948
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