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1. Radiometric Tracking for Deep Space Navigation: G.E. Lanyi, J.S. Border, D.K. Shin, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2. Fast Switching and Precision Relative Astrometry at the DSN: W.A. Majid, D.S. Bagri, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
3. Tracking with Proposed Array-based Deep Space Network: D.S.Bagri, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
4. Deep-Space Navigation Using Celestial X-ray Sources: P.S. Ray, K.S. Wood, Naval Research Laboratory; S.I. Sheikh, ASTER Labs
5. Minimum Uncertainties in Position and Velocity Determination using x-ray Photons from Millisecond Pulsars: N. Ashby, University of Colorado Boulder; A.R. Golshan, Johns Hopkins University
6. A Study of Pulsar Signals Modeling and Time Delay Estimation for Relative Navigation of Spacecrafts: A.A. Emadzadeh, J.L. Speyer, UCLA

Alternate
1. Developments Toward a Clock for Precision, One-way Deep Space Navigation: J. Prestage, Jet Propulsion Laboratory; G. Weaver, JHU/Applied Physics Laboratory

1. A Novel GNSS Weak Signal Acquisition Using Wavelet Denoising Method: T. Jin, Y. Liu, BeiHang University, China
2. Comparison of Traditional Delay Lock Loop and Vector Delay Lock Loop for Code Tracking of Weak GPS Signals: M. Lashley, Navigation Technology Associates, Inc.; D.M. Bevly, Auburn University
3. Optimal Recursive Bayesian Phase Estimation with Dynamic Compensation in Nonlinear Code Tracking Loops: G. Fay, J. Speyer, University of California, Los Angeles
4. A Multipath Mitigation Tracking Architecture for GPS System: W-L. Mao, National Formosa University, Taiwan; J-S. Du, P-H, Lee, H-W. Tsao, F-R. Chang, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
5. JPALS: Scattering Model for Aircraft Carrier Multipath Errors: P. Geren, Boeing Integrated Defense Systems; T. Murphy, Boeing Commercial Airplanes
6. Targeted Ephemeris Decorrelation Parameter Inflation for Improved LAAS Availability in the Presence of Ionosphere Anomalies: s. Ramakrishnan, J. Lee, S. Pullen, P. Enge, Stanford University

Alternates
1. An Improved Regularization Method to Detect Cycle Slips for Medium-long Baseline GPS Network RTK in Real Time: X. Luo, J. Ou, Y. Yuan, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, China
2. A Behavioral Approach to GNSS Positioning: H-S. Wang, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan; M. Wang, T-S. Ho, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan

1. UWB Assisted GPS RTK in Hostile Environments: G.D. MacGougan, D. Chiu, K. O´Keefe, The University of Calgary, Canada
2. Novel Full-wave Compact Size GNSS Antennas Based on Artificial Dielectrics Technology: D. Tatarnikov, A. Astakhov, A. Stepanenko, P. Shamatulsky, S. Emelianov, D. Rakitin, I. Soutiaguine, Topcon Positioning Systems, Russia
3. Field Testing of a Pedestrian Alert System (PAS): C.E. Rodgers, NavSpace Engineering; R. Blomberg, Dunlap & Associates
4. Galileo Test Range Performance Test Results: F. Gottifredi, F. Martinino, Q. Morante, M. Eleuteri, E. Varriale, V. Valle, G. Pesci, Thales Alenia Space, Italy
5. HA-NDGPS: Flexible Data Allows Flexible Solutions Over Long Baselines: G. Pruitt, ARINC
6. Software Defined Radio For HA-NDGPS Performance Improvements: G. Johnson, Alion Science & Technology; P. Swaszek, University of Rhode Island

Alternates
1. A Controlled Experiment of Real-Time Precise Point Positioning for Deformation Monitoring: M. Wang, Y. Gao, The University of Calgary, Canada
2. Galileo Test Range Pseudolites: A Performance Augmentation System: F. Gottifredi, M. Eleuteri, V. Valle, Q. Morante, E. Varriale, D. Cretoni, Thales Alenia Space, Italy
3. Simulated Performance of Multiple-signal and Multiple-system Positioning for Land Vehicle Navigation: W. Cao, K. O´Keefe, M. Petovello, M.E. Cannon, University of Calgary, Canada
4. Official Voluntary Certification of GNSS Instruments and Observers for IACS On-the-spot Checks - First Results: S. Oszczak, A. Ciecko, University of Warmia and Mazury, Poland

1. Carrier Phase Tracking of Weak Signals Using Different Receiver Architectures: M.G. Petovello, C. O´Driscoll, G. Lachapelle, The University of Calgary, Canada
2. Highly Efficient Adaptive Weak Signal Tracking for the Embedded Real-Time Software GNSS Receiver: S-H. Im, G-I. Jee, Konkuk University, South Korea
3. Implementation of an Innovative Phase Discriminator for Improved Tracking Performance in One-Bit Software GPS Receiver: C-F. Chang, R-M. Yang, National Space Organization, Taiwan; M-S. Kao, National Chiao-Tung University, Taiwan
4. Performance Analysis of a Novel Correlation Scheme for Software-Based GNSS Receivers: D.J. Cho, S.H. Park, S.H. Suh, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute, South Korea; D.W. Lim, S.J. Lee, Chungnam National University, South Korea; S.W. Moon, Hanyang Navicom R&D Center, South Korea
5. Unified GNSS Receiver Tracking Loop Design Based on Kalman Filter: J-H. Song, S-H. Im, K-H. Kim, G-I. Jee, Konkuk University, South Korea

1. The Future of the UTC Timescale: R.L. Beard, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory
2. Compass M-1 Broadcast Codes and Their Application to Acquisition and Tracking: G.X. Gao, A. Chen, S. Lo, D. De Lorenzo, T. Walter, P. Enge, Stanford University
3. DHS Plan for Interference Detection and Mitigation: C. Dubay, U.S. Coast Guard
4. Simple Techniques for RFI Situational Awareness and Characterization in GNSS Receivers: P. Ward, Navward GPS Consulting
5. Frequency Domain Adaptive Filtering Against Pulsed Interference: Performance Analysis Over Europe: M. Raimondi, C. Macabiau, O. Julien, ENAC, France
6. Mitigation of Adaptive Antenna-Induced Biases in GNSS Receivers: A. O´Brien, I.J. Gupta, The Ohio State University

Alternates
1. GNSS Signal Monitoring Facility: A Performance Monitoring Asset: M. Gotta, S. Corvo, F. Gottifredi, F. Martinino, Thales Alenia Space Italia S.p.A., Italy
2. Performance of a GNSS Interference Detection Algorithm for Civil Aviation: C. Ouzeau, TeSA/ENAC/DTI, France; C. Macabiau, ENAC, France; B. Roturier, DTI, France; M. Mabilleau, Sofreavia/DTI, France
3. Assessing the GNSS Interference Environment for Rail and Beyond: C. Weber, T. Jost, A. Steingass, M. Meurer, German Aerospace Centre (DLR), Germany

1. Safety Concepts for Mitigation of Ionospheric Anomaly Errors in GBAS: C. Shively, R. Niles, The MITRE Corporation/CAASD
2. Sea Based JPALS Guidance Quality Rationale: B.R. Peterson, ARINC Engineering Services, LLC; W. Wellons, NAVAIR PMA-213; M. Lage, Dynamic Analytical Solutions; C. Douglas, Sierra Nevada Corporation
3. LAAS/GBAS Ground Reference Antenna with Enhanced Mitigation of Ground Multipath: A.R. Lopez, BAE Systems
4. User Receiver Integrity Monitoring Based on Precise GPS Prediction Orbits: H. Su, W. Ehret, Air Systems Division/Thales ATM GmbH, Germany
5. Future Architectures to Provide Aviation Integrity: T. Walter, J. Blanch, P. Enge, Stanford University; B. Pervan, L. Gratton, Illinois Institute of Technology
6. Global Positioning System (GPS) Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) Web Service to Support Area Navigation (RNAV) Flight Planning: C. Dufresne, A. Hansen, K. O´Neill, J. Parmet, US DOT/RITA/Volpe Center; L. Volchansky, FAA/AIR-130/Nav Team

Alternate
1. A Method to Enhance RDSS Based on Receiver Time Error Modeling: G. Sun, BUAA, China

1. UERE Budget Characterization During the Galileo IOV Test Campaign: M. Gotta, C. Cosenza, F. Gottifredi, S. La Barbera, Thales Alenia Space Italy S.p.A., Italy
2. On the Statistical Properties of GNSS Modulation: F. Cote, I.N. Psaromiligkos, W.J. Gross, McGill University, Canada
3. Galileo Signal Tracking and Acquisition Performance Predictions for a Dynamic Launcher: J-J. Floch, F. Soualle, EADS Astrium, Germany; P. Domenico Resta, ESRIN, S. Belin, S. Reynaud, EADS Astrium, France
4. The European Space Agency Free Resources for SBAS Education: Learning, Practising, and Accessing the EGNOS Performances in Real-Time: F. Toran, J. Ventura-Traveset, A.R. Mathur, C. Lopez, P. Pintor, EGNOS Project Office, European Space Agency, France; M. Houdek, P. Bares, Iguassu Software Systems, Czech Republic
5. A 30mW GPS/Galileo Dual Mode L1/L1F and L5/E5a Dual Band RF Receiver: Y. Na, S. Ko, D. Kim, H. Kim, Samsung Electro Mechanics Co.Ltd., South Korea; S. Jo, Phychips Co.Ltd., South Korea
6. European Officials May Turn the Galileo PPP (Public Private Partnership) Into a Traditional Program Wholly Sponsored by the Public Sector: Technical or Financial Problem?: M. Spada, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Italy

1. An Alternate Approach to GPS Denied Navigation Based on Monocular SLAM Techniques: G. Farley, M.D. Chapman, Rockwell Collins
2. A Novel Movement Model for Pedestrians Suitable for Personal Navigation: M. Khider, S. Kaiser, P. Robertson, M. Angermann, German Aerospace Center, Germany
3. Impact of Rapid Temperature Change on Firefighter Tracking in GPS-denied Environments Using Inexpensive MEMS IMUs: W.T Faulkner, S.R. Chestnut, ENSCO, Inc.
4. WPI Precision Personnel Locator System - Automatic Antenna Geometry Estimation: B. Woodacre, D. Cyganski, J. Duckworth, S. Makarov, W. Michalson, J. Orr, V. Amendolare, J. Coyne, H. Daempfling, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
5. Software Receiver Strategies for the Acquisition and Re-Acquisition of Weak GPS Signals: C. O´Driscoll, M.G. Petovello, G. Lachapelle, University of Calgary, Canada
6. An Accurate UWB Based In-door Navigation System for Ubiquitous Computing: F. Gottifredi, E. Variale, S. Tancioni, E. Caniglia, Thales Alenia Space Italia S.p.A., Italy

Alternates
1. Performance Analysis of Sensor-Aided GNSS Signal Acquisition in Signal Degraded Environments: D. Kubrak, M. Monnerat, Thales Alenia Space, France; G. Artaud, L. Ries, CNES, France
2. Issues in Achieving Precise Positioning Indoors Without Support from GNSS: H.K. Parikh, W.R. Michalson, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

1. Embedded Relative Navigation Sensor Fusion Algorithms for Autonomous Rendezvous and Docking Missions: B.K. DeKock, K.M. Betts, J.H. McDuffie, C.B. Dreas, bdSystems, Advanced Technology Division; Georgia Institute of Technology
2. Angles-Only Relative Navigation Filter and Autonomous Guidance Controller for Autonomous Rendezvous and Proximity Operations: M. Spencer, D. Lee, Orbital Sciences Corporation
3. A Combined Relative Navigation and Single Antenna Attitude Determination Sensor on the FASTRAC Student-Built Nanosatellite Mission: J.S. Greenbaum, G.N. Holt, S. Stewart, T.M. Campbell IV, E. Rogstad, R.B. Zwerneman, E.G. Lightsey, The University of Texas, Austin
4. SPHERES Development and Demonstrations of Close Proximity Formation Flight Maneuvers: B. Tweddle, J. Katz, A. Saenz-Otero, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
5. Relative Navigation using Reflected GPS Signals: I. Cohen, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

1. Differential Positioning Performance Testing with Digital Beam Forming GPS Receivers: G. McGraw, J.M. Kelly, E. Bolte, Rockwell Collins
2. An Evaluation of Loran as a Backup Navigation Sensor for ADS-B: P. Swaszek; University of Rhode Island; R. Hartnett; U.S. Coast Guard Academy; J. Carroll, DOT/RITA/Volpe National Transportation Systems Center; G.W. Johnson, C. Oates, M. Wiggins, Alion Science & Technology
3. A Statistical Outlier Detection Method of EGNOS Integrity Performance Data: H. Kannemans, National Aerospace Laboratory, The Netherlands
4. Validating Bounds on Temporal ASF for Loran: S. Lo, Stanford University; R. Wenzel, Booz Allen Hamilton; G. Johnson, Alion Science and Technology; P. Enge, Stanford University
5. Time-Frame RAIM vs. Snap-Shot RAIM: H. Saaied, Y. Blondeau, CMC Electronics, Canada
6. Accuracy of DME/DME RNAV: M. Tran, The MITRE Corporation

Alternate
1. Autonomous and EGNOS Positioning Accuracy Determination of Cessna Aircraft on the Edge of EGNOS Coverage: A. Ciecko, S. Oszczak, University of Warmia and Mazury, Poland; M. Grzegorzewski, Air Force Academy in Deblin, Poland

1. Altitude Enhancement Using MEMS Pressure Sensor with GPS: L. Garin, S. Venkatraman, P. Gupta, B. Kokes, T. Smith, NemeriX, Inc.
2. Precision Directly Georeferenced Unmanned Aerial Remote Sensing System: Performance Evaluation: J. Perry, A. Mohamed, University of Florida
3. Accelerometers Versa Gyros in Integrated Navigation Systems for Flexible Vehicles: J.F. Wagner, T. Oertel, University of Stuttgart, Germany
4. Improvements in Honeywell MEMS IMU and Demonstration to Meet Expanded Inertial Applications: S. Albers, D. Proctor, J. Henrickson, Honeywell International Inc.
5. A Set of High Accuracy Low Cost Metallic Resonator CVG: V.V. Chikovani, Yu.A. Yatsenko, A.S. Barabashov, V.A. Kovalenko, Innalabs Holding Inc., Ukraine
6. GPS Carrier Phase Multipath Mitigation using High Rate GPS/inertial Integration: Alison Brown, J. Nordlie, B. Johnson, NAVSYS Corporation

Alternates
1. Two Approaches for GPS Interference Annihilation: W-Y. Chen, F-R. Chang, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; W-L. Mao, National Formosa University, Taiwan; H-W. Tsao, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
2. Collaborative Effects of Mobile Sensor Network Localization Through Distributed Fusion of Multi-Modal Navigation Sensors: T. Zhao, S. Wu, S-C. Mau, J. Kaba, Sarnoff Corporation

1. A Regional Stochastic Model for NOAA-Based Residual Tropospheric Delay: H.E. Ibrahim, A. El-Rabbany, Ryerson University, Canada
2. Principle Component Analysis on Absolute TEC Values and the Impact on Kalman Filtering when using a Priori Information: P. Knudsen, The Danish National Space Center, Denmark; A. Jensen, AJ Geomatics, Denmark; C.C. Tscherning, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
3. Development of a Regional Ionosphere Model for Norway: A.B.O.Jensen, AJ Geomatics, Denmark; O. Ovstedal, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway; G. Grinde, Norwegian Mapping Authority, Norway
4. Investigation of GPS Signal Fading due to Scintillation & Multipath and its Effects on SBAS: S. Sunda, S.M. Regar, Airports Authority of India; P.V. Khekale, K. Bandyopadhyay, Space Applications Centre-ISRO, India; B.M. Vyas, M.L.S. University, India
5. Optimisation of Galileo GRC Receivers in Ionospheric Scintillation Conditions: H. Guichon, N. Martin, Thales Avionics, France
6. GPS Receiver Results from Occultation Experiments Onboard TerraSAR-X: Key-Rok Choi, E. Glenn Lightsey, University of Texas at Austin

Alternate
1. Efficient Ionospheric Model using Wavelet for Geomagnetic Storm: Y. Sohn, C. Kee, Seoul National University, South Korea

1. Path Emulator for RF Systems: G.W. Heckler, G.J. Boegner, R. Kurichh, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
2. Embedded GNSS Receiver Re-Acquisition Failure Due To Thermal Variation: A. Morrison, G. Lachapelle, The University of Calgary, Canada
3. Software Signal Simulators for GPS and Galileo Signals: A.R. Pratt, QinetiQ Ltd., UK

1. Performance Analysis of the QZSS SIS-URE and User Positioning Accuracy with GPS and QZSS: S. Kogure, M. Kishimoto, M. Sawabe, K. Terada, JAXA, Japan
2. The Status of On-board and Ground Time Management System of QZSS: S. Hama, Y. Takahashi, J. Amagai, M. Fujieda, NICT, Japan; T. Takahashi, T. Nakahara, S. Horiuchi, NEC, Japan
3. Implementation of the QZSS L1-SAIF Message Generator: T. Sakai, S. Fukushima, N. Takeichi, K. Ito, Electronic Navigation Research Institute, Japan

Alternate
1. Experimental Apparatuses and Tests of Remote Synchronization System of Quasi-Zenith Satellites: T. Iwata, T. Matsuzawa, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan; Y. Hashibe, SED, Japan

1. Satellite and Receiver Phase Bias Calibration for Undifferenced Ambiguity Resolution: S. Banville, R. Santerre, M. Cocard, Laval University, Canada; R.B. Langley, University of New Brunswick, Canada
2. Isolating and Estimating Undifferenced GPS Integer Ambiguities: P. Collins, Natural Resources Canada
3. Ambiguity Resolution Based on Recursive Least-Squares Kalman Filtering Using Multi-Epoch Carrier Phase Data: H. Sun, D.A. Grejner-Brzezinska, The Ohio State University
4. Real Time Zero-difference Ambiguities Blocking and Absolute RTK: D. Laurichesse, F. Mercier, J-P. Berthias, CNES, France; J. Bijac, ATOS ORIGIN, France
5. Bierman-Thornton UD Filtering for Double-Differenced Carrier Phase Estimation Accounting for Full Mathematical Correlation: D. Chiu, K. O´Keefe, The University of Calgary, Canada
6. On Difference Variances as Residual Error Measures in Geolocation: V.S. Reinhardt, Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems

Alternates
1. GPS Orbital Prediction using Artificial Neural Networks: H. Yousif, A. El-Rabbany, Ryerson University, Canada
2. PPP with GNSS Data Structures and the GPSTk: D. Salazar, M. Hernandez-Pajares, J.M. Juan-Zornoza, J. Sanz, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Spain

1. Measurement System using Drifting Buoy with GPS and Cellular Modem of Tidal Current in an Inland Sea: H. Irie, Yatsushiro National College of Technology, Japan; N. Mita, Kumamoto University, Japan; Y. Kamikubo, I. Saito, K. Morishita, Yatsushiro National College of Technology, Japan
2. Gravity Navigation: D. Fisher, J. Carvil, SPAWAR Systems Center; M.B. May, Y. Nam, Penn State Applied Research Lab, Navigation R&D Center
3. Application of a Short-range Distance Measurement System in Ship-to-Ship Operations: E. Pedersen, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway; E. Shimizu, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Japan; C. Eliassen, T. Haugen, Kongsberg Seatex AS, Norway; T.E. Berg, Norwegian Marine Technology Research Institute (MARINTEK), Norway
4. Improved Signal Processing Methodologies for the Loran Data Channel: G.W. Johnson, K. Dykstra, R. Shalaev, Alion Science & Technology; P.F. Swaszek, University of Rhode Island; R. Hartnett, U.S. Coast Guard Academy
5. Real-Time GIPSY (RTG) and Real Time Kinematics (RTK): An Integration Approach on Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) Survey Ships and Hydrographic Survey Launches (HSLs): V.Q. Trinh, W.E. Bradley, Naval Oceanographic Office
6. Integrating Hand-Held SAASM GPS Receivers with Legacy Shipboard Navigation and Weapons Systems: R. Webb, W.R. Woodward, Ursa Navigation Solutions, Inc.

Alternates
1. Optimal Passive Sensor Configuration Based on the Condition Number: J. Neering, C. Fischer, M. Bordier, N. Maizi, Ecole des Mines de Paris, France
2. Combating the Asymmetric Threat with the Millennium Gun and a Commercial Navigation System: M. Lewis, T.L. Thrall, Lockheed Martin Maritime Systems & Sensors; W.R. Busch, Lockheed Martin Information Technology and Global Services; R. Webb, W.R. Woodward, Ursa Navigation Solutions, Inc.
3. A Study on Roll Stabilizers for Ships: P.A. Tuan, K. Shoji, K. Minami, S. Mita, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Japan

1. Bandlimiting, Sampling, and Quantization for Modernized Spreading Modulations in White Noise: J.W. Betz, The MITRE Corporation
2. GPS Control Segment Upgrade Goes Operational- Enhanced Phased Operations Transition Details: J. Taylor, M. Rounds, Boeing; J. Pace, USAF/19 Space Operations Squadron; P.J. Mendicki, Aerospace Corporation; A. Dorsey, Lockheed Martin
3. Challenges in the Development of GNSS Monitoring Receivers - Historical Lessons Learned : B.A. Renfro, S. Furgason, J. Little, Applied Research Laboratories, The University of Texas at Austin
4. GPS L2C Measurement Quality and Its Impact on Precise Point Positioning: R.F. Leandro, Trimble Terrasat GmbH, Germany; T. Thirumurthi, L. Sukeova, R.B. Langley, M.C. Santos, University of New Brunswick, Canada
5. Precision Analysis of Triple-Frequency Ionosphere-Free Combination in GPS Modernization: M. Hao, Q. Wang, D. Cui, L. Ji, China Earthquake Administration, China
6. A Markov Model for Predicting Availability of GPS Satellites in Primary Orbital Slots: C. Shively, The MITRE Corporation/CAASD

Alternates
1. A Complete Theoretical Survey of the Spreading Modulation of the GNSS Signals: I.F. Progri, Giftet Inc.; M.C. Bromberg, Elected Engineering; W.R. Michalson, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; J. Wang, University of New South Wales, Australia; R. J. Duckworth, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; J. Lavrakas, Advanced Research Corporation
2. GLONASS Orbits in GPS/Galileo-style Ephemeredes for Assisted GNSS: L. Wirola, J. Syrjarinne, Nokia Inc., Finland

1. Building a GPS Receiver for Space - Lessons Learned : S. Sirotzky, Perot Systems; R. Butler, G.W. Heckler, I.R. Cohen, J. Roman, M. Wennersten, G. Boegner, M. Davis, A. Lanham, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; B. Bamford, Emergent Space Tech; V. Banes, Orbital Sciences Corp.
2. A GPS Receiver For Lunar Missions: W. Bamford, Emergent Space Technologies; G.W. Heckler, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; G.N. Holt, NASA Johnson Space Center; M. Moreau, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
3. Fast Signal Acquisition Unit for GPS/Galileo Receivers in Space Environment: V. Calmettes, ISAE, France; A. Dion, ISAE/TESA, France; E. Boutillon, UBS/LESTER, France; E. Liegeon, TAS, France
4. Reconfigurable GPS-Galileo Receiver for Satellite-based Applications: A. Dion, Universite de Toulouse/DEOS/ISAE/TESA, France; E. Boutillon, UBS/Lester, France; V. Calmettes, Universite de Toulouse/DEOS/ISAE/TESA, France
5. A Low-Cost, Low-Power MicroSatellite Tracking System: Alison Brown, J. Nordlie, P. Brown, NAVSYS Corporation

1. Automatic Fusion of Image, Inertial, and GPS Sensors for a Micro Air Vehicle Precision Navigation and Targeting System: M.J. Veth, Air Force Institute of Technology; R. Anderson, National Geospatial Intelligence Agency
2. Long-Range, In-Flight, 3D Trajectory Re-planning with Airborne E*: S-Y. Young, K.M. Jerome, Rockwell Collins Inc.
3. An Algorithm for GPS Tight Optical Integration: S. Bhattacharya, T. Arthur, Z. Zhu, M. Uijt de Haag, Ohio University
4. Single Frame Processing for Structured Light based Obstacle Detection: D.M. Ilstrup, G.H. Elkaim, Autonomous Systems Lab, UCSC
5. A Novel Design of Adaptive Hybrid Low Cost GPS/INS Integration System: J. Zhou, S. Knedlik, P. Ubolkosold, E. Edwan, Z. Dai, O. Loffeld, ZESS, Germany

The Assistant Secretary of Defense for Networks and Information Integration and the Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy sponsored a National Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) Architecture study to “provide more effective and efficient PNT capabilities focused on the 2025 timeframe and an evolutionary path for government provided systems and services.” A structured process was employed to capture:

• an “As-Is” architecture reflecting current capabilities
• an “Evolved Baseline” (EBL) depicting future capabilities based on planning and programing documents as well as other available information that provides a view of the future state of PNT in the absence of an enterprise architecture strategy projected capability gaps within the EBL
• a “Should-Be” architecture representing future capabilities based on a long-term vision that overcomes projected capability gaps and satisfies future needs