Technical Sessions

Special Events & Tourist Information

Accommodations

Transportation

Online Registration

2007 National Technical Meeting - Hyatt Regency Monterey - Monterey, CA - January 22-24, 2007

  Technical Sessions

Monday
Morning

9:30 am - Noon
Monday
Afternoon

2 - 5:30 pm
Tuesday
Morning

8:30 am - Noon
Tuesday
Afternoon

2 - 5:30 pm
Wednesday
Morning

8:30 am - Noon
Wednesday
Afternoon

1 - 4 pm
Kon Tiki Ballroom
Plenary Session
Boardroom
A1. Advanced Topics in Location Based Services
Kon Tiki Ballroom
B1. Integrated Navigation Systems 1
Kon Tiki Ballroom
2 p.m.–3:30 p.m.
C1. Integrated Navigation Systems 2
Toucan
D1. Urban & Indoor Navigation Technology
Boardroom
E1. Atmospheric Effects
Rousseau East Room
10 a.m. Spouses Coffee
Cockatoo
A2. Algorithms & Methods 1
Toucan
B2. Interference & Spectrum Management
Kon Tiki Ballroom
4 p.m.–5:30 p.m.
C2. GPS Modernization & GPS III
Cockatoo
D2. Carrier-Phase Positioning
Toucan
E2. Emerging Navigation Technologies
  Kon Tiki Ballroom
A3. GNSS Interoperability & Compatibility
Boardroom
B3. QZSS Quasi-Zenith Satellite Systems
Cockatoo
2 p.m.–3:30 p.m.
C3. Algorithms & Methods 2
Boardroom
D3. Galileo
Cockatoo
E3. Land-Based & Marine Applications
  Toucan
A4. Augmentation Systems: GBAS & SBAS
Cockatoo
B4. Applications in Surveying, Geodesy, Science, & Timing
Cockatoo
4 p.m.–5:30 p.m.
C4. Space Navigation Applications
Kon Tiki Ballroom
D4. Military Applications
Kon Tiki Ballroom
E4. Aviation Applications & Precision Approach
      Toucan
C5. Receiver & Antenna Technologies
   
      Boardroom
C6. MEMS & Inertial Systems
   
Lunch Is On Your Own Kon Tiki Ballroom
7 - 9 pm
Meet and Greet Social
On the Beach, Bayside North
Noon–1 pm
Informal Luncheon
  On the Beach, Bayside North
Noon–1 pm
Informal Luncheon
 

Click on underlined paper titles to view abstracts

  Monday Morning, January 22

 Plenary Session
 9:30 am - Noon, Kon Tiki Ballroom

Welcome and Introductions
ION President
James T. Doherty
Institute for Defense Analyses

ION General Chair
Dr. Dorota Grejner-Brzezinska
The Ohio State University

Program Chair
Dr. John Betz
The MITRE Corporation

Plenary Session: GNSS Benefiting Humanity
The plenary panel will discuss innovative ways that Global Navigation Satellite Systems are being used to help humanity.
  • Robotics: Prof. Shigeki Sugano, Waseda University, Japan

  • Remote Sensing of Earth: Karen Schuckman, URS Corporation

  • Weather Monitoring: Dr. Bill Kuo, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (COSMIC)

  • Monitoring/Detection of Earthquakes and Tsunamis: Dr. Ken Hudnut, U.S. Geological Survey

 Lunch is on your own

  Monday Afternoon, January 22

  Session A1: Advanced Topics in Location-Based Services
  2 p.m.–5:30 p.m., Boardroom


Co-chair
Samir Soliman
Qualcomm


Co-chair
Tenny Sharpe
NavCom Technology Inc.

1. From Divergence to Convergence, GNSS Assistance in Network Carrier Independent Format: K. Alanen, J. Syrjarinne, Nokia Technology Platforms, Finland
2. GPS PRN Code Signal Processing and Receiver Design for Simultaneous All-in-View Coherent Signal Acquisition and Navigation Solution Determination+: R. DiEsposti, General Dynamics, Advanced Information Systems
3. Geoencryption Using Loran: D. Qiu, S. Lo, P. Enge, Stanford University
4. GIROADS: GNSS Introduction in the ROAD Sector Description of a Technical Solution for Advanced Location Based Services: J. Paniagua-Sanz, R. Sanchez-Fernandez, S. Gutierrez-Lanza, GMV Sistemas S.A., Spain
5. GPS Tracking Location-Based Service Using the Wristwatch GeoZigBee Sensors: A. Brown, P. Brown, J. Griesbach, J. Dalrymple, NAVSYS Corporation; T. Boult, University of Colorado
6. Personal Navigation on a Cellular Telephone: P. Duffett-Smith, S. Hern, P. Hansen, A.R. Pratt, Cambridge Positioning Systems Ltd., U.K.

Alternates
1. Coarse-Time HDOP; How Dilution of Precision Changes for a Class of A-GPS Position: F. van Diggelen, Global Locate, Inc.; R. Wong, Spirent Communications
2. Automatic Sorting and Storage Based on Location Information for Massive Human-Centric Data Collection: D. Bhupathiraju, P.K. Sagiraju, D. Akopian, University of Texas at San Antonio

  Session A2: Algorithms & Methods 1
  2 p.m.–5:30 p.m., Cockatoo


Co-chair
Keith McDonald
The MITRE Corporation


Co-chair
John Raquet
Air Force Institute of Technology

1. Adaptive Carrier Smoothing Using Code and Carrier Divergence: E. Kim, T. Walter, J.D. Powell, Stanford University
2. Performance Improvement of Reduced Search FFT-Based Acquisition : P.K. Sagiraju, D. Akopian, University of Texas at San Antonio
3. Static and Dynamic Performance of a Novel GPS Attitude Determination Algorithm (GADA): N.P. Oliveira Leite, F. Walter, CTA GEEV, Brazil
4. Integer Ambiguity Resolution for GPS Attitude Determination From Double Differenced Phase Measurement: C. Cardani, A. Rolando, Politecnico di Milano, Italy; C. Di Marino, P. Vercesi, GPSAeroborne Srl, Italy
5. Yaw Angle Estimation of VTOL-UAVs With the Extended LAMBDA Method and Low Cost Receivers: R. Monikes, O. Meister, J. Wendel, G.F. Trommer, University of Karlsruhe, Germany
6. Implementing the Loran Weighted Sum Squared Error (WSSE) Statistic Cycle Selection Algorithm for Integrity: S. Lo, P. Enge, Stanford University

Alternates
1. Integrity Monitoring Algorithms Using Filtering Approaches for Higher Navigation Performance: Consideration of the non-Gaussian GNSS Measurements: Y. Yun, D. Kim, C. Kee, Seoul National University, Korea
2. Maximum Likelihood OFDMA Parameter Estimation: I.F. Progri, California State Polytechnic University; M.C. Bromberg, Elected Engineering; W.R. Michalson, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; J. Wang, University of New South Wales, Australia
3. A New Formulation and Solution to the Single Cycle Recursive Estimation Problem: C. Shapiro, Realtime Estimation Consultants
4. Yet Another FDE for Multiple Outliers: E. Zemskov, J. Nurmi, Tampere University of Technology, Finland

  Session A3: GNSS Interoperability & Compatibility
  2 p.m.–5:30 p.m., Kon Tiki Ballroom


Co-chair
Chris Hegarty
The MITRE Corporation


Co-chair
Jose Angel Avila-Rodriguez
University of FAF Munich, Germany

1. A Glimpse Into the Future: A Look at GNSS in the Year 2017: J.W. Lavrakas, Advanced Research Corporation
2. Exploiting GNSS RTK Performance Potentials With GPS and Virtual Galileo Measurements: Y. Feng, Queensland University of Technology, Australia; J. Wang, The University of New South Wales, Australia
3. 1-Bit Processing of Composite BOC (CBOC) Signals and Extension to Time-Multiplexed BOC (TMBOC) Signals: O. Julien, C. Macabiau, J-L. Issler, L. Ries, ENAC, France
4. Hardware and Algorithm Implications of Adding Galileo Capability to an SPS GPS Receiver: P.G. Mattos, ST Microelectronics R&D Ltd., U.K.
5. Design of Miniature RF Bandpass Filters for a Hybrid GPS/Galileo Receiver Front-End: Y. Adane, A. Constantinescu, J. Belzile, A. Kouki, Ecole de TEchnologie Superieure, Canada
6. Visibility and Geometry of Combined Constellations GPS and Galileo: J. Januszewski, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland

Alternates
1. A New Waveform Family for Secondary Peaks Rejection in Code Tracking Discriminators for Galileo BOC(n,n) Modulated Signals: G. Avellone, M. Frazzetto, E. Messina, STMicroelectronics, Italy
2. A GIS-based Method of Accuracy Improvement by Multipath-mitigated Satellite Selection for Interoperable GNSS Environment: Y-W. Lee, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Y. Suh, Pukyong National University, Korea; R. Shibasaki, The University of Tokyo, Japan

  Session A4: Augmentation Systems: GBAS & SBAS
  2 p.m.–5:30 p.m., Toucan


Co-chair
Sam Pullen
Stanford University


Co-chair
Javier Ventura-Traveset
European Space Agency, France

1. Comparison of Alternative Methods for Deriving Ground Monitor Requirements for CAT IIIB LAAS: C. Shively, MITRE/CAASD
2. Evaluation of WADGPS Ionosphere Model and its Positioning Performance in South America: R. Yousuf, NovAtel Inc., Canada
3. Analysis of DGPS and WADGPS Performance During Severe Ionospheric Activity: S. Skone, University of Calgary, Canada; R. Yousuf, NovAtel Inc., Canada; A. Coster, MIT Haystack Observatory
4. Multi-constellation Augmentation Based EGNOS and Galileo Simulation: R. Chen, Finnish Geodetic institute, Finland; P. Cheng, Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, China; T. Moore, C. Hill, IESSG, University of Nottingham, U.K.; X. Li, Finnish Geodetic Institute, Finland; Y. Cai, Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, China
5. WAAS Performance Improvement With a New Undersampled Ionospheric Gradient Threat Model Metric: N. Pandya, M. Gran, Raytheon Co.
6. Understanding PHMI for Safety of Life Applications: J. Blanch, T. Walter, P. Enge, Stanford University

Alternate
1. Options for the Modernization of Maritime DGNSS: M. Pattinson, M. Dumville, Nottingham Scientific Limited, U.K.; N. Ward, General Lighthouse Authorities, U.K.

  Meet and Greet Social, 7 p.m. - 9 p.m., Kon Tiki Ballroom

  Tuesday Morning, January 23

  Session B1: Integrated Navigation Systems 1
  8:30 a.m.–noon, Kon Tiki Ballroom


Co-chair
Phil Bruner
Northrup Grumman Navigation Systems Division


Co-chair
Naser El-Sheimy
The University of Calgary, Canada

1. A Simplified Method for Deep Coupling of GPS and Inertial Data: R.N. Crane, L-3 Communications, IEC
2. A New Kalman Filter Structure Adapted to MEMS IMU/GPS Integrated Navigation: X-F. He, M-P. Wu, X-P. Hu, National University of Defense Technology, China
3. Complemented-GPS (CGPS) - DCN Emerging Technology Utilised for Indoor Positioning, Navigation and Tracking, Applicable to Both Pedestrians and Vehicles: M. Yanni, Destinator Technologies Inc., Canada
4. Design and Testing of a High Performance Relative Inertial Navigation System: R. Ingvalson, B. Mohr, L.C. Vallot, W.A. Soehren, Honeywell Aerospace Electronic Systems Laboratories; M.B. Ignagni, NavSolutions; M.M. Miller, M. Berarducci, P. Howe, J. Campbell, Air Force Research Laboratory
5. Performance Analysis of a Thermally Compensated MEMS IMU and GPS Integrated System: P. Aggarwal, Z. Syed, X. Niu, N. El-Sheimy, The University of Calgary, Canada
6. A Decision Model for GPS/INS Integration: J. Marcal, T.I. Fossen. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway

Alternates
1. Full State Vector Formulation for Strapdown Navigation Extended Kalman Filters: C. Shapiro, Independent Consultant
2. An Intelligent Scheme for Rapid INS Alignment Procedure Using Artificial Neural Networks: Y-W. Huang, K-W. Chiang, National Cheng-Kung University, Taiwan
3. Optimal Filtering With Delayed and Non-delayed Measurements: H.P. Rotstein, Israel Institute of Technology, Israel; R. Ingvalson, Honeywell International Inc.
4. ASF Correction Within an Integrated Navigation System of Loran-C / RDSS: H. Chen, X. Chen, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

  Session B2: Interference & Spectrum Management
  8:30 a.m.–noon, Toucan


Co-chair
Lewis Vaughn
USAF Global Positioning Systems Wing

Co-chair
James Hollansworth
NASA Headquarters, Space Operation Mission Directorate

1. Assessment of Interference to the Galileo E5b Signal in CONUS: M. Tran, C. Hegarty, Y-S. Hoh, D. O´Laughlin, The MITRE Corporation
2. GPS PRN Code Assignment Process: L.M. Vaughn III, USAF GPS Joint Program Office
3. On Coexistence of In-band UWB-OFDM and GPS Signals: D. Garmatyuk, Y.T. Morton, Miami University
4. On Quantifying the Potential Interference of Ultra Wideband Signals to the 960-1610 MHz Radio Navigation Frequency Band: N.A. Morgan, V.S. Lin, R. Yowell, L. Vaughn, The Aerospace Corporation
5. GPS Frequency Clearances and the Reliability Prediction Model: R. Earwood, D.J. Healey, M. Ross, Overlook Systems Technologies
6. Frequency Domain Adaptive Filtering Against Pulsed Interference : Performance Analysis Over Europe and USA: M. Raimondi, C. Macabiau, O. Julien, ENAC, France; F. Bastide, SOFREAVIA/DTI

Alternates
1. Investigation on the Effect of Strong Out-of-Band Signals on GNSS Receivers: B. Motella, M. Pini, F. Dovis, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
2. Two-Pole and Multi-Pole Notch Filters: A Computationally Effective Solution for Interference Detection and Mitigation: D. Borio, Politecnico di Torino, Italy; L. Camoriano, Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Italy; L. Lo Presti, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
3. GPS Interference Source Angle of Arrival Determination Using Adaptive Periodogram Techniques: M. Brenneman, J. Morton, Q. Zhou, G. Distler, Miami University

  Session B3: QZSS: Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS)
  8:30 a.m.–noon, Boardroom


Co-chair
Satoshi Kogure
JAXA, Japan


Co-chair
Shin'ichi Hama
NICT, Japan

1. QZSS System Design and its Performance: M. Kishimoto, H. Hase, A., Matsumoto, T. Tsuruta, S. Kogure, N. Inaba, M. Sawabe, T. Kawanishi, S. Yoshitomi, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Japan
2. Augmentation Performance of QZSS L1-SAIF Signal: T. Sakai, S. Fukushima, N. Takeichi, K. Ito, Electronic Navigation Research Institute, Japan
3. The On-board and Ground Time Management System of QZSS: Y. Takahashi, J. Amagai, S. Hama, M. Fujieda, K. Kimura, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan; T. Takahashi, T. Nakahara, S. Horiuchi, NEC Toshiba Space Systems, Ltd., Japan
4. Remote Synchronization System of Quasi-Zenith Satellites Using Multiple Positioning Signals for Feedback Control: T. Iwata, Y. Kawasaki, M. Imae, T. Suzuyama, T. Matsuzawa, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan; S. Fukushima, Y. Hashibe, Space Engineering Development Co. Ltd., Japan; N. Takasaki, K. Kokubu, A. Iwasaki, University of Tokyo, Japan; F. Tappero, A. Dempster, University of New South Wales, Australia; Y. Takahashi, National Institute of Information and Communication Technology, Japan
5. Research into the Application Integrated RTK-GPS/INS System for IT Construction Applications: K. Fujimoto, H. Matsushita, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure, Japan; Y. Shimogaki, Hitachi, Ltd., Japan; M. Tanikawara, Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co.,Ltd., Japan
6. Development of a BOC/CA Pseudo QZS and Multipath Analysis Using an Airborne Platform: T. Tsujii, H. Tomita, Y. Okuno, S. Kogure, M. Kishimoto, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Japan; K. Okano, D. Manandhar, I. Petrovski, M. Asako, Institute of Advanced Satellite Positioning Technology, GNSS Technologies Inc., Japan

Alternates
1. Development and Performance Evaluation of Spaceborne Hydrogen Maser Atomic Clock in NICT: H. Ito, T. Morikawa, S. Hama, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan; T. Masanori, Y. Numata, S. Mattori, Anritsu Corporation, Japan
2. Future Expansion From QZSS to Regional Satellite Navigation System: S. Kogure, M. Kishimoto, H. Hase, A. Matsumoto, T. Tsuruta, N. Inaba, M. Sawabe, T. Kawanishi, S. Yoshitomi, JAXA, Japan

  Session B4: Applications in Surveying, Geodesy, Science, and Timing
  8:30 a.m.–noon, Cockatoo


Co-chair
Steve Hilla
National Geodetic Survey, NOAA


Co-chair
Gérard Lachapelle
University of Calgary, Canada

1. RTK Positioning in Attenuated Environments Using a Vector-Based GPS Software Receiver: M.G. Petovello, G. Lachapelle, University of Calgary, Canada
2. Impact of Ocean Tide Models on GPS Observations: L. Santos, Leica Geosystems, Portugal; V.B. Mendes, University of Lisbon, Portugal
3. Coordinate-space and Observation-space Filtering Methods for Sidereally Repeating Errors in GPS: Performance and Filter Lifetime: A. Ragheb, P. Clarke, S. Edwards, University of Newcastle, U.K.
4. Augmenting GPS With Pseudolites for Deformation Monitoring in Harsh Environments: J. Bond, A. Chrzanowski, D. Kim, University of New Brunswick, Canada
5. Geodetic Grade Airborne LiDAR Mapping: N. Csanyi, K. Edwards, D. Grejner-Brzezinska, The Ohio State University
6. eLoran UTC Timing and Frequency Trials: A. Helwig, G. Offermans, Reelektronika NL, Belgium; C. Farrow, Chronos Technology U.K.

Alternates
1. New Application of Reflected GPS Signals L1/L2 Observation Techniques With an Integrated GPS Receiver for Ground Object Detection and Digital Terrain Elevation Mapping: L-C. Shen, C-L. Tseng, J-C. Juang, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; C-C. Chang, Yuda University, Taiwan
2. On the Fundamental Transformations in Navigation and Mapping: A. Mohamed, University of Florida
3. Test Results From a Novel Passive Bi-Static GPS Radar Using a Phased Sensor Array: A. Brown, B. Mathews, NAVSYS Corporation

  Informal Luncheon, noon - 1 p.m., On the Beach Bayside North

  Tuesday Afternoon, January 23

  Session C1: Integrated Navigation Systems 2
  2 p.m.–3:30 p.m., Kon Tiki Ballroom


Co-chair
Phil Bruner
Northrup Grumman Navigation Systems Division


Co-chair
Naser El-Sheimy
The University of Calgary, Canada

1. Improving the Positioning Accuracy of a Low Cost MEMS/GPS Integrated System Using GPS Heading Sensor: Y-W. Huang, C-Y. Li, H-W Wu, H-W. Chang, H-W. Hu, K-W. Chiang, National Cheng-Kung University, Taiwan
2. Adaptive Knowledge-based System for Personal Navigation in GPS-denied Environments: D.A. Grejner-Brzezinska, C. Toth, S. Moafipoor, The Ohio State University; J. Kwon, University of Seoul, Korea
3. Realisation of a Deeply Coupled GPS/INS Navigation System Based on INS-VDLL and VFLL Integration: S. Kiesel, M. Held, G.F. Trommer, University of Karlsruhe, Germany

Alternates
1. IMU Signal Software Simulator: Y. Yang, N. El-Sheimy, C. Goodall, X. Niu, The University of Calgary, Canada
2. Observability Analysis of In-flight Alignment in Tightly-coupled Integrated GPS/INS System: W. Gao, Harbin Institute of Technology, China; Q. Nie, Y. Ben, K. Wang, Harbin Engineering University, China
3. Gyroscope Drift Estimation of SINS/GPS In-flight Alignment: L. Zhao, N. Qi, Harbin Engineerig University, China

  Session C2: GPS Modernization & GPS 3
  4 p.m.–5:30 p.m., Kon Tiki Ballroom


Co-chair
John Dobyne
ARINC


Co-chair
Jon Anderson
U.S. Air Force, SAF

1. The Spreading and Overlay Codes for the L1C Signal: J.J. Rushanan, The MITRE Corporation
2. Proposed Operations Concepts and Flexible UE Architectures for Modernized User Equipment SIS Utilization for Transition From Test Mode to IOC through FOC: R. DiEsposti, K. Hsu, The Boeing Company
3. Data Message Performance for the Future L1C GPS Signal: P.A. Dafesh, D. Sklar, The Aerospace Corporation

Alternates
1. GPS Satellite Propagation for Long-Term Dilution of Precision Prediction: J. Poley, H. Williams, T. Driver, Analytical Graphics, Inc.
2. A Theoretical Survey of the New GPS Signals (L1C, L2C, and L5): I.F. Progri, California State Polytechnic University; M.C. Bromberg, Elected Engineering; W.R. Michalson, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; J. Wang, University of New South Wales, Australia

  Session C3: Algorithms & Methods 2
  2 p.m.–3:30 p.m., Cockatoo


Co-chair
Joseph Kelly
Rockwell Collins


Co-chair
Lawrence Weill
California State University, Fullerton

1. Analysis of Discriminator Based Vector Tracking Algorithms: M. Lashley, D.M. Bevly, Auburn University
2. Field Measurement Data on Support of a Unified Indoor Geolocation Channel Model: I.F. Progri, California State Polytechnic University; W.R. Michalson, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; J. Wang, University of New South Wales, Australia; M.C. Bromberg, Elected Engineering
3. GNSS Receiver Tracking Loss and Cycle Slip Detection Using Frequency Lock Loop Acceleration Rate Estimation: T. Kim, NavCom Technology, Inc.; H. So, S.J, Choi, C. Kee; Seoul National University, Korea

Alternates
1. A Multipath Mitigation Method Using Partial Correlations of PRN Code: S-H. Im, G-I. Jee, Konkuk University, South Korea
2. The Multi-C/A Code Acquisition Method: Y-C. Lin, S-S. Jan, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan

  Session C4: Space Navigation Applications
  4 p.m.–5:30 p.m., Cockatoo


Co-chair
Steve McReynolds
Lockheed Martin


Co-chair
Willy Bertiger
Jet Propulsion Laboratory

1. The GREHDA Project: Galileo Software Receiver for High Dynamic Applications: A. Di Cintio, Carlo Gavazzi, Space SpA , Italy; O. Montenbruck, DLR/GSOC; L. Lo Presti, Politecnico di Torino, Italy; E. Guyader, Galileo Joint Undertaking
2. Integrated Spacecraft Entry Navigation on the Electra Programmable Radio: M.C. Heyne, R.H. Bishop, The University of Texas at Austin
3. Software Simulation Tests and Results for NanoSatellite Formation Flying: Q. Marji, R. Tsoi, M.E. Cannon, The University of Calgary, Canada; R.E. Zee, SFL, University of Toronto, Canada

Alternates
1. Feasibility Analysis on the Application of GPS Relative Positioning in LEO Constellations: S. Wang, T. Moore, C. Hill, C. Noakes, A. Dodson, University of Nottingham, U.K.
2. Comparison of Acquisition Techniques for Signal Processing in Geostationary Orbit : B. Chibout, C. Macabiau, A.C. Escher, ENAC, France; L. Ries, J-L. Issler, CNES, France; S. Corazza, Alcatel Alenia Space; M. Bousquet, Supaero

  Session C5: Receiver & Antenna Technologies
  2 p.m.–5:30 p.m., Toucan


Co-chair
Phil Ward
Navward GPS Consulting

Co-chair
Dr. Rama Gollakota
The Aerospace Corporation

1. Prediction of Antenna and Antenna Electronics Induced Biases in GNSS Receivers: I. Gupta, C. Church, A. O´Brien, C. Slick, The Ohio State University
2. Tight Integration of GPS Adaptive Antenna Array With a Software-Defined Receiver: S.K. Kalyanaraman, M.S. Braasch, Ohio University
3. A Blind Beamforming Technique for Simultaneous Interference Suppression and Signal Maximization in Multiple Antenna GPS Systems: A. Anderson, J. Zeidler, University of California, San Diego; M. Nicholson, B. Hoffman, SPAWAR
4. A Reduced Size CRPA (R-CRPA) for GNSS Receivers: I.J. Gupta, J.L. Volakis, C-C. Chen, The Ohio State University
5. A Novel Flexible Correlator Architecture for GNSS Receivers: V. Eerola, S. Pietila, H. Valio, Nokia Corporation, Finland
6. RTCA Airborne GPS Antenna Testing and Analysis for a New Antenna Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS): A. J. Van Dierendonck, AJ Systems; R. J. Erlandson, Consultant

Alternates
1. A Novel Software GNSS Receiver Architecture Using Partial Down-Conversion: S-H. Im, G-I. Jee, Konkuk University, South Korea
2. Matched Filter Banks for Acquisition of Doppler-affected GPS Signals: M.A. Amin, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
3. Reconfigurable PC Based Software GPS + Receiver: P.K. Sagiraju, A. Panchul, D. Akopian, University of Texas at San Antonio
4. FPGA-Based Architecture for High Throughput, Flexible and Compact Real-Time GNSS Software Defined Receiver: B. Sauriol, R. Landry, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Canada

  Session C6: MEMS & Inertial Systems
  2 p.m.–5:30 p.m., Boardroom


Co-chair
Conrad Mueller
Honeywell International


Co-chair
Olivier Le Traon
ONERA, France

1. Honeywell Gun-Hard Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) Development: D. Karnick, T. Troske, M. Secord, T. Hanson, T. Braman, D. MacGugan, Honeywell Defense & Space; T. Kourepenis, Draper Laboratory
2. MEMS for Aerospace Navigation: J. Leclerc, Thales Avionics, France
3. A Unit Quaternion and Fuzzy Logic Approach to Attitude Estimation: K. Narayanan, M. Greene, Auburn University
4. Robustness Improvement of a Low Cost MEMS-based GPS/INS, Micro-GAIA: T. Fujiwara, H. Tomita, M. Harigae, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Japan
5. Magnetic Heading, Achievements and Prospective: F. Goldenberg, ASTC, Goodrich Corporation
6. Sensor Stability of a Low-Cost Attitude Sensor Suitable for Micro Air Vehicles: G.H. Elkaim, C. Foster, University of California - Santa Cruz

Alternates
1. Accuracy Degradation of MEMS Integrated Navigation Systems Due to Poorly Aligned Inertial Sensors Mounting: Z. Syed, X. Niu, P. Aggarwal, N. El-Sheimy, The University of Calgary, Canada
2. Vibration Modeling Study for Strapdown Inertia Navigation Based on Back-Propagation Neural Network: J. Liu, L. Lu, Independent Consultants, China
3. Practical Velocity-Updating Algorithm of Strapdown Inertial Navigation System With Ring Laser Gyro: W. Gao, Harbin Institute of Technology, China; Y. Ben, Q. Nie, M. Yang, Harbin Engineering University, China
4. The DIVA Accelerometer and VIG Gyro : Two Quartz Inertial MEMS for Guidance and Inertial Navigation Applications: O. Le Traon, D. Janiaud, S. Muller, M. Pernice, ONERA , France

  Wednesday Morning, January 24

  Session D1: Urban & Indoor Navigation Technology
  8:30 a.m.–noon, Toucan


Co-chair
Richard Greenspan
Draper Laboratory


Co-chair
William Michalson
Worcester Polytechnic Institute

1. Multi-Fault Tolerant Positioning Algorithm for Integrated Positioning Systems Combining Spatial and Terrestrial Ranging Sources: J-Y. Do, M. Rabinowitz, P. Enge, Stanford University
2. Development of Indoor Navigation System for a Humanoid Robot Using Multi-Sensors Integration: C.H. Lee, Seoul National University, South Korea; C.W. Jeon, Soonchunhyang University, South Korea; CG. Park, J.G. Lee, Seoul National University, South Korea; W. Kwon, Samsung Electronics Corporation, South Korea
3. Precision Positioning System - A Compact Deep Integration Based Navigation System for Indoor and Urban Navigation: P. Sherman, T. Thorvaldsen, D. Landis, B. Fink, Draper Laboratory
4. Assessment of GPS Signal Quality in Urban Environments Using Deeply Integrated GPS/IMU: A. Soloviev, D. Bruckner, F. van Graas, Ohio University; L. Marti, Robert Bosch Corporation
5. Integration of an Inertial Measurement Unit and 3D Imaging Sensor for Urban and Indoor Navigation of Unmanned Vehicle: M. Uijt de Haag, D. Venable, M. Schmearcheck, Ohio University
6. An Evaluation of the Performance of Various SLAM EKF Observation Configurations: M.J. Eilders, J.R. Cloutier, USAF

Alternates
1. WPI Precision Personnel Locator System: D. Cyganski, J. Duckworth, S. Makarov, W. Michalson, J. Orr, V. Amendolare, J. Coyne, H. Daempfling, J. Farmer, D. Holl, S. Kulkarni, H. Parikh, B. Woodacre, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
2. Foot and Ankle Kinematics During Gait Using Foot Mounted Inertial System: S.P. Kwakkel, S. Godha, G. Lachapelle, The University of Calgary, Canada
3. A Fuzzy Data Fusion System for Pedestrian Localization: E. Pulido Herrera, Jaume I University, Spain; H. Kaufmann, Vienna University of Technology, Austria; R. Quiros, G. Fabregat, Jaume I University, Spain

  Session D2: Carrier-Phase Positioning
  8:30 a.m.–noon, Cockatoo


Co-chair
Jaewoo Jung
Trimble Navigation


Co-chair
Jinling Wang
University of New South Wales, Australia

1. How Does GNSS Modernization Influence Network RTK?: H. Landau, Trimble Terrasat GmbH, Germany
2. Innovative Algorithms to Improve Long Range RTK Reliability and Availability: L. Dai, D. Eslinger, T. Sharpe, NavCom Technology, Inc.
3. An Investigation on GPS Receiver Initial Phase Bias and its Determination: M. Wang, Y. Gao, The University of Calgary, Canada
4. Carrier-Phase-Based PPP With Multiple Antennas Based on GR Models: S. Sugimoto, Y. Kubo, S. Fujita, Ritsumeikan University, Japan
5. Unified Positioning Algorithms Based on GNSS Regression Equations -- Further Results of Point and Relative Positioning: Y. Kubo, S. Fujita, S. Sugimoto, Ritsumeikan University, Japan
6. Integrity Analysis of Differential Carrier Phase Measurements Using Ambiguity Decorrelation Transformations and Widelane Technique: P. Henkel, Munich University of Technology, Germany; C. Gunther, Munich University of Technology / German Aerospace Centre, (DLR), Germany

Alternates
1. Evaluation of Carrier-Phase Positioning Algortihm by Using On-line RINEX File From Public Servers: J. Vargas-Casas, U. Fernandez-Plazaola, T.M. Martin-Guerrero, Universidad de Malaga, Spain
2. Integrity and Performance Assessment of VBS-RTK for the e-GPS PPP System in Taiwan: J-Y. Yu, C-L. Tseng, National Cheng-Kung University, Taiwan
3. Integer Ambiguity Validation for Network RTK With Non-Stationary Markov Chains: P. Henkel, Munich University of Technology, Germany; C. Gunther, Munich University of Technology / German Aerospace Centre (DLR), Germany
4. Reducing Carrier Phase Errors With EMD-Wavelet for Precise GPS Positioning: J. Wang, J. Wang, University of New South Wales, Australia

  Session D3: Galileo
  8:30 a.m.–noon, Boardroom


Co-chair
Rudolf Kohl
EADS Astrium GmbH, Germany


Co-chair
Antoine DeLatour
CNES, France

1. Giove-A Navigation and Experimental Payload Design and Operation in Orbit: E. Rooney, M. Unwin, SSTL, U.K.; G. Gatti, ESA
2. Galileo Broadcast E5 Codes and Applying the Codes for Acquisition and Tracking: G.X. Gao, D. Lorenzo, S. Lo, Stanford University; D. Akos, University of Colorado at Boulder; A. Chen, T. Walter, P. Enge, Stanford University
3. Acquisition of GIOVE-A Signals Using Multi-bit Processing: J-C. Juang, Y-H. Chen, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
4. Galileo Receiver Design and Analysis Tool Development in Tampere University of Technology: J. Raasakka, H. Hurskainen, J. Nurmi, Tampere University of Technology, Finland
5. Comparison Between BOC, CBOC and TMBOC Tracking: J-J. Floch, Astrium GmbH, Germany
6. Investigated, Search and Tracking of Galileo Signal: A. Veitsel, A. Lebedinsky, V. Beloglazov, I. Fomin, Topcon Positioning System, Russia

Alternates
1. Signal in Space Error Prediction and Iono/Tropo Corrections in a Local Element Augmentation System: R. Di Corato, S. Falzini, A. Beccarini, Space Engineering S.p.A., Italy; A. Caporali, C. Morini, T. Pepi, CISAS, University of Padova, Italy
2. Products and Developments in a Specialized Navigation Laboratory for the GNSS Performance Monitoring and Evolutions: F. Gottifredi, F. Martinino, M. Gotta, E. Varriale, S. Corvo, Q. Morante, C. Cosenza, A. Guarnieri, Alcatel Alenia Space, Italy

  Session D4: Military Applications
  8:30 a.m.–noon, Kon Tiki Ballroom


Co-chair
Tom Powell
The Aerospace Corporation


Co-chair
Brent A. Renfro
Applied Research Laboratories, The University of Texas at Austin

1. ADAP: Enhancing GPS Protection for Navwar: A. Vo, C. Falchetti, A. Morrison, Navstar, Global Positioning Systems
2. GPS-INS-Radio and GIS Integration into Handheld Computers for Disperse Civilian and Military Urban Operations: P. Labbe, Canadian Force Experimentation Centre, Canada; M. Vinnins, DRDC, Canada; L. Boucher, CRC, Canada; B. Regli, Drakontas
3. Virtual Reference Antennas for SRGPS Application: Error Models and Analysis: D. Gebre-Egziabher, Y. Shao, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
4. Joint Precision Approach and Landing System (JPALS) Availability Modeling in Clear Air and Jamming Environments: K. Zhao, C. Varner, ARINC
5. Reducing Obsolescence in the 3A GPS Legacy Receiver Through the Application of Current Technologies: C. Raab, T. McCormick, Rockwell Collins Corporation
6. Modernized User Equipment (MUE): G.C. Fyfe, USAF M-Code User Equipment PM

Alternates
1. Research of High Sensitivity GPS Receiver Anti-jamming Using LCMV and Minimum Norm Algorithms Based on Circular Antenna Array: R. Di, Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, China
2. Vertical-sensing Effectiveness and CONOPS Tool for Operational Requirements (VECTOR): J. Catanzarite, G. Green, General Dynamics; D. Jacobs, AFRL\SNR

  Informal Luncheon, noon - 1 p.m., On the Beach Bayside North

  Wednesday Afternoon, January 24

  Session E1: Atmospheric Effects
  1 p.m.–4 p.m., Boardroom


Co-chair
Attila Komjathy
NASA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory


Co-chair
Virgilio Mendes
University of Lisbon, Portugal

1. Stochastic Modeling of Residual Tropospheric Delay: H.E. Ibrahim, A. El-Rabbany, Ryerson University, Canada
2. Estimation of TEC Enhancement Over Indian Region During October 2003 Ionospheric Storm Using Genetic Algorithms Tuned Constant Gain Kalman Filter Approach: R. Anandraj, ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network, India; M. R. Ananthasayanam, P.R. Mahapatra, Indian Institute of Science, India P. Soma, ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network, India
3. U.S.-Total Electron Content (US-TEC). Validation and Effects of Geomagnetic Storms on Ionospheric Estimation Errors: E. A. Araujo-Pradere, C.F. Minter, T.J. Fuller-Rowell, CIRES-University of Colorado/ SWPC-NOAA
4. Satellite and Receiver Inter-frequency Bias Effects in Wide Area Ionospheric Modeling: H. Rho, R.B. Langley, University of New Brunswick, Canada
5. Updated Ionosphere Threat Model for LAAS Based on New Discoveries From 20 November 2003 Storm Data: G. Zhang, S. Datta-Barua, J. Lee, S. Pullen, P. Enge, Stanford University
6. An Investigation of Ionospheric Delay Variation Effect on GBAS Due to Plasma Babble at the Southern Region in Japan: T. Yoshihara, N. Fujii, K. Matsunaga, K. Hoshinoo, T. Sakai, Electronic Navigation Research Institute, Japan

Alternates
1. Estimation of Low Latitude Ionospheric TEC From Dual Frequency GPS Observations by Using Adaptive Kalman Filtering Technique: R. Anandraj, SRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network, India; M. R. Ananthasayanam, P.R. Mahapatra, Indian Institute of Science, India; P. Soma, ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network, India
2. TEC Estimation and its Validation for Real Time Implementation of Satellite Navigation in GAGAN: S. Sunda, S.M. Regar, S. Shrivastava, Airports Authority of India, India; R. Acharya, P.V. Khekale, M.R. Sivaraman, ISRO, India

  Session E2: Emerging Navigation Technologies
  1 p.m.–4 p.m., Toucan


Co-chair
Mikel Miller
Air Force Research Laboratory


Co-chair
Mark Petovello
The University of Calgary, Canada

1. Issues and Approaches for Navigation Using SIgnals of Opportunity (SoOP): J. Raquet, Air Force Institute of Technology; M. Miller, T. Nguyen, AFRL SNRN
2. Manipulating B-Spline Based Paths for Obstacle Avoidance in Autonomous Ground Vehicles: J. Connors, G. Elkaim, J. Baskin, University of California, Santa Cruz
3. Tight Coupling of Laser Scanner and Inertial Measurements for a Fully Autonomous Relative Navigation Solution: A. Soloviev, D. Bates, F. van Graas, Ohio University
4. Aerial Vehicle Navigation Over Unknown Terrain Environments Using Flash Ladar and Inertial Measurements: A.K. Vadlamani, M. Uijt de Haag, Ohio University
5. Constrained Estimation for GPS/Digital Map Integration: M. Miller, AFRL/SNRN; E. Blasch, AFRL/SNAA; T. Nguyen, AFRL/SNRN; C. Yang, Sigtem Technology, Inc.
6. Proposal of Navigation Message Format for UAV Pseudolite Navigation System: D. Kim, B. Park, A. Cho, S. Lee, J. Kim, C. Kee, Seoul National University, South Korea

Alternates
1. Efficiency Enhancements and Demonstrations of Adaptive Hybrid Estimation for Integrated Navigation: D. An, D. Liccardo, Crossbow Technology, Inc.
2. Calibrating Non-GPS Navigation Sensors for Use in Robot Localization: M.A. Zmuda, Y.T. Morton, Miami University
3. Flight Testing of a Pseudolite Navigation System on a UAV: J. Amt, J. Raquet, Air Force Institute of Technology

  Session E3: Land-Based and Marine Applications
  1 p.m.–4 p.m., Cockatoo


Co-chair
Terry Moore
The University of Nottingham, U.K.


Co-chair
David Wolfe
U.S. Coast Guard

1. FDM and FEM Filters in Terrain Navigation: I. Nygren, TNAV Systems AB, Sweden; M. Jansson, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
2. Differential eLoran Trials in Harwich Harbour: G. Offermans, A. Helwig, Reelektronika NL, Belgium; P. Williams, Trinity House U.K.; W. Pelgrum, NL
3. Design And Testing of a GPS Based Track Change Detection System Using Geometry Car Data: J. Rome, Rome Navigation Innovations, Inc.; L.W. Allen, Federal Railroad Administration
4. From the DARPA Grand to Urban Challenge: Mobile Mapping Supporting Autonomous Vehicle Navigation: C. Toth, D.A. Grejner-Brzezinska, U. Ozguner, The Ohio State University
5. Navigating Harbors at High Accuracy Without GPS: eLoran Proof-of-Concept in the Thames River: G. Johnson, Alion Science & Technology; P. Swaszek, University of Rhode Island; R. Hartnett, USCG Academy
6. Towards Ubiquitous Positioning (UbiPos): A GNSS Perspective: X. Meng, A. Dodson, T. Moore, G. Roberts, University of Nottingham, U.K.

Alternate
1. Comparison of Method and Sensor Combinations for Vehicle Borne Mapping System: S. Mizukami, University of Tokyo/Tamagawa Seiki Co., Ltd., Japan; R. Shibasaki, H. Zhao, X. Shao, Y. Chen, J. Chon, University of Tokyo, Japan

  Session E4: Aviation Applications & Precision Approach
  1 p.m.–4 p.m., Kon Tiki Ballroom


Co-chair
Changdon Kee
Seoul National University, South Korea


Co-chair
Pat Reddan
Zeta Associates Inc.

1. Geometry Screening for GBAS to Meet CAT III Integrity and Continuity Requirements: M. Harris, T. Murphy, Boeing Commercial Airplanes
2. GBAS With RAIM Based on the Constrained GLRT for Precision Landing Using Galileo and GPS: I. Nikiforov, Universite de Technologie de Troyes, France; B. Belabbas, DLR German Aerospace Center, Germany; P. Henkel, Technical University of Munich, Germany; H. Palcoux, Ecole Nationale de l´Aviation Civile, France
3. Fault Detection and Elimination for Galileo-GPS Vertical Guidance: A. Ene, J. Blanch, J.D. Powell, Stanford University
4. A New Approach for Computing the Probability of Correct Fix and Integrity Risk for JPALS: S. Draganov, Argon ST; D. Smith, G. Johnson, M. Cooper, ARINC Engineering Services, LLC
5. Vision-only Navigation and Control of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using the Sigma-Point Kalman Filter: H. Bai, E. Wan, X. Song, A. Myronenko, OGI School of Science & Engineering; A. Bogdanov, Rockwell Scientific Company
6. Free Flight Towards a Regulatory Framework and a Legal Regime: A Step Ahead for Aviation: M. Spada, University of Roma, Italy

Alternates
1. Performance of an Inertial Aided FLL-Assisted-PLL Carrier-Tracking Loop in the Presence of Ionospheric Scintillations: T-Y. Chiou, T. Walter, P. Enge, Stanford University; D. Gebre-Egziabher, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; D.M. Akos, University of Colorado, Boulder
2. Ionospheric Code Delay Estimation and Cycle Slip Detection and Estimation in a Single Frequency Case Regards to Civil Aviation Requirements: C. Ouzeau, TeSA/ENAC/DTI, France; C. Macabiau, A-C. Escher, ENAC, France; B. Roturier, DTI, France

Special Events
Monday, January 22
SPOUSES’ COFFEE
10 am, Rousseau East Room

A spouses coffee hour will be held from 10 - 10:30 am at the Catamaran Resort Hotel. The hotel concierge will be on site to advise you of special tours and all of San Diego's many attractions. This hour will give you the opportunity to learn about San Diego, meet up with old touring companions and develop new friendships.
Monday, January 22
MEET & GREET SOCIAL
7 - 9 p.m., Kon Tiki Ballroom

Take the opportunity to meet with colleagues and acquaintances on an informal basis (dress for comfort). A cash bar and light dinner will be available. Spouses are welcome.
Tuesday, January 23
INFORMAL LUNCHEON
Noon - 1 pm, On the Beach, Bayside

Included in the price of a FULL registration. See Registration Form for ticket prices for single day registrants and guests. In the event of rain or poor weather, the luncheon will be held in the Rousseau Suite, one floor below the conference sessions.
Wednesday, January 24
INFORMAL LUNCHEON
Noon - 1 pm, On the Beach, Bayside

Included in the price of a FULL registration. See Registration Form for ticket prices for single day registrants and guests. In the event of rain or poor weather, the luncheon will be held in the Rousseau Suite, one floor below the conference sessions.

   San Diego - Another Name for Paradise

IT’S CALIFORNIA’S OLDEST CITY, THE NATION’S sixth largest city, and is proudly regarded as “America’s Finest.” Splashed with spectacular sunny weather and countless tourist and cultural attractions, San Diego is justifiably another name for paradise.

Mission Bay
This 4,600-acre aquatic playground is the largest facility of its kind in the world devoted to boating, fishing, skiing, swimming, board sailing, and public recreation. For swimmers and sunbathers, there are 27 miles of sun-bleached beaches with six designated swimming areas.

The Catamaran Resort Hotel is on Mission Bay and features a wide variety of boat rentals and water sport activities.

Tijuana, Mexico
Tijuana is the most visited border city in the world. The bazaar-like atmosphere makes bargaining for leather goods, glassware, jewelry or pottery a unique shopping experience, while the greyhound and horse races provide a special excitement all their own. Savor the exotic, exciting flavors of Mexican cuisine.

San Diego Zoo
The world-famous zoo celebrated its 75th birthday in 1991. This 100-acre tropical garden zoo has 3,900 animals of 800 species and is noted for its exhibition of many rare and exotic species.

Old Town
The first European settlement in California, Old Town is where San Diego began. Old adobes and other historic structures blend with fine restaurants and fascinating shops to capture Old Town’s rich heritage, while creating a popular attraction for visitors.

Seaport Village
This waterfront dining and shopping complex depicts the harbor as it was a century ago. Located on 14 acres along the Embarcadero, Seaport Village is composed of more than 60 shops, boutiques and galleries where visitors can browse to their heart’s delight.

Gaslamp Quarter
A historic downtown district recreates the spirit of Victorian times through the restoration of old buildings that now feature antiques, crafts, arts, restaurants, shops, and offices all in the authentic tradition of that era.

San Diego Mission
San Diego’s Spanish heritage is preserved in its beautiful missions. Padre Junipero Serra’s first mission in California, Mission San Diego de Alcala, still holds services daily in the original mission chapel.

   Accommodations
Catamaran Resort Hotel
3999 Mission Blvd.
San Diego, CA
Phone: 858-488-0551 - Fax: 858-488-1387

Online Hotel Reservations

Accommodations are offered at the beautiful Catamaran Resort Hotel - Casual Elegance in a tropical paradise with acres of lush foliage and sun drenched beaches. Mission bay is at your doorstep. The enticing waves of the pacific ocean are just 100 yards away.

Reservations. Make reservations by January 5 to receive the special ION negotiated rates of $152 single/double per night. You can make a reservation online or by calling 1-800-422-8386. International participants may call 1-858-488-0551 or fax a reservation to 1-858-488-1387. Be sure to make your reservations by January 5 to receive the special ION rates listed below. Please be sure to identify yourself as an ION meeting participant.

Government Reservations. A limited number of government rate rooms are available. The U.S. government rate will be honored only for those persons traveling with U.S. government travel orders and paying for the room with a U.S. government issued credit card. Failure to provide these validations at check-in will result in your reservation being honored at the group rate. If you do not meet this criteria, please do not reserve a government-rate room as this will deny qualifying individuals from obtaining a room. Government contractors and/or retired or non-active military personnel do not qualify for government rate rooms.

Hotel Parking: $9 per night for overnight guests and $20 per day for visitors.

Make reservations by January 5 to receive special ION negotiated rates of $152 single/double per night!

   Transportation

Air Transportation
The Catamaran Hotel is approximately 20 miles from San Diego International Airport. Taxi fare is approximately $30 one way. Cloud Nine Shuttle is the recommended service at a cost of $9.50 per person each way. (Note that other shuttle companies may charge substantially higher rates and make numerous stops.) Cloud Nine Shuttle can be reached by picking up the courtesy phone in the baggage claim area of the airport or by waiting in the shuttle pick-up area directly outside the baggage claim area.

Driving Directions: From the San Diego International Airport to the Catamaran: Take Interstate 5 North. Exit and turn left on Grand Avenue; you will be heading west towards the Pacific Ocean. Follow Grand Avenue to Mission Blvd. and turn left. Stay on Mission Blvd. for approximately 4 blocks; the Catamaran Resort Hotel will be on your left hand side, just past Pacific Beach Drive.

To the Catamaran from Cities North of San Diego: Take Interstate 5 South. Take the Balboa exit and turn right at the second light which is Garnet Avenue. You will be heading west towards the Pacific Ocean. Follow Garnet Avenue to Mission Blvd. and turn left. Stay on Mission Blvd. for approximately 5 blocks; the Catamaran Resort Hotel will be on your left hand side, just past Pacific Beach Drive.

Attention International Participants

We recommend that you apply for your visa at least two months in advance due to security related policies that have greatly increased the processing time for visa applications.

U.S. consular officers now interview most applicants as part of the application process. This can add additional time and delays. Currently there is a mandatory security check period of 30 days for people whose passports are issued from several countries, including China, North Korea, and most middle-eastern countries. Furthermore, the U.S. State Department requires citizens of many countries to obtain visas to attend any scientific program.

As of October 26, 2004, visa waiver travelers from ALL 27 Visa Waiver Program (VWP) countries must present either a machine-readable passport or a U.S. visa.

To learn more about the Visa Waiver Program and machine readable passports, go to:
http://travel.state.gov/visa/temp/without/without_1990.html. .
For general information about visas, go to:
http://www7.nationalacademies.org/visas.

January 19, 2007 15:01 ET